UltraMAfic-hosted seafloor MassIve sulfide deposits: a mineral system approach (UMAMI)

在欧洲，通往低碳排放社会的道路大大增加了我们对矿物原材料的需求，并需要可靠和可持续的矿物资源供应。欧洲有着悠久的采矿传统，但经典矿床更难发现。非常规矿床似乎是确保过渡所需矿产资源的有希望的目标。其中有超镁铁质火山成因块状硫化物矿床，富含Au、Ag、Co、Cu、Ni和Zn。这些沉积物在缓慢扩张的大洋中脊（莫尔）中广为人知，它们通常沿着低角度拆离断层形成。然而，目前只有少数UM-VMS矿床已在陆地上发现。这种稀缺的部分原因是缺乏现代和连贯的遗传和勘探模型。最近的工作强调，UM-VMS矿床形成于比以前认为的更复杂的构造环境中，例如除了莫尔之外，还有海洋-大陆过渡（OCT）和超俯冲带（SSZ）。在这个项目中，我们计划在不同的构造环境中使用综合的多尺度矿物系统方法开发成因和勘探模型，例如Troodos蛇绿岩（塞浦路斯，SSZ）和Outokumpu蛇绿岩（芬兰，变质OCT）。具体侧重于金属来源、流体通道、捕获机制和矿石保存，将有助于确定导致矿石存款形成的最重要参数，并最终将有助于在陆地和海底发现新的矿床，例如在德国索引地区。此外，调查地区在欧洲范围内，促进了欧洲联盟矿产资源的特征。

The path to a low carbon emission society in Europe drastically increases our needs for mineral raw materials and requires a reliable and sustainable supply of mineral resources. Europe has a long tradition of mining, but classic ore deposits are harder to discover. Unconventional ore deposits appear as promising targets for securing mineral resources needed for the transition. Among these are ultramafic-hosted volcanogenic massive sulfide (UM-VMS) deposits, which are enriched in Au, Ag, Co, Cu, Ni and Zn. These deposits are well known from slow-spreading Mid-Ocean Ridges (MOR) where they generally form along low-angle detachment faults. At present, however, only a few UM-VMS deposits have been discovered on land. This scarcity is partly due to the lack of modern and coherent genetic and exploration models. Recent work highlights that UM-VMS deposits form in more complex tectonic settings than previously thought such as ocean-continent transitions (OCT) and supra-subduction zones (SSZ) in addition to MOR. In this project, we plan to develop genetic and exploration models using an integrated multi-scale mineral system approach in diverse tectonic settings such as the Troodos ophiolite (Cyprus, SSZ) and the Outokumpu ophiolite (Finland, metamorphosed OCT). Specific focus on the metal sources, fluid pathways, trapping mechanisms and ore preservation will allow to determine the paramount parameters leading to ore deposit formation and ultimately will help to discover new deposits on land and on the seafloor, such as in the German INDEX area. Furthermore, the investigated areas are within Europe, promoting characterization of the mineral resources in the European Union.