情緒的印象の記述ー騒音問題の場合ー

本实验旨在考察日常生活中表达噪音情绪方面的术语的使用情况。实验采用“选择描述法”在日本、瑞典、德国和中国进行。采用飞机噪音、火车噪音、道路交通噪音、言语、音乐和建筑噪音作为刺激物。这些声音被呈现给受试者，他们被要求选择他们认为合适的形容词来表达声音的印象。结果表明，不同的形容词在每个国家用于不同的声音。例如，在日本和瑞典，“大声”一词用于音乐和演讲。它在德国被用于许多声源，但在中国很少使用。日本人对“吵闹”和“烦人”这两个词的使用几乎没有差别。在其他三个国家，“嘈杂”一词似乎用于高水平的声音或不和谐的声音，“恼人”一词似乎用于表示声音的干扰。本文认为，“恼人”一词既有心理因素，也有声音的物理因素。另一个实验也支持了这一点，其结果表明，对实际声音的响度和烦恼的判断存在很大差异，但对人造声音的判断几乎没有差异。

The present experiment was designed to investigae the usage of terms for expressing the emotional aspects of noise in daily life situations. The experiment was conducted using "selected description method" in Japan, Sweden, Germany and China. Aircraft noise, train noise, road traffic noise, speech, music and construction noise were used as stimuli. These sounds were presented to the subjects and they were asked to select the adjectives which they thought appropriate to express the impression of the sounds. The result suggests that different adjectives are used for different sounds in each country. For example, the term "loud" is used for music and speech in Japan and Sweden. It is used for many sound sources in Germany, but seldom used in China. There was little difference in the usage of terms "noisy" and "annoying" in Japanese subjects. In the other three countries, the term "noisy" seemed to be used for high-level sounds or inharmonic sounds and the term "annoying" seemed to be used for expressing the disturbance from sounds. It is suggested that the term "annoying" is involved in psychological factors as well as physical factors of sounds. This was also supported by an another experiment, the results of which showed that there was a great difference in the judgments of loudness and annoyance of actual sounds, but that there was little difference in those of artrificial sounds.