Descriptive Study on the Sakhalin Dialect of Ainu

没有书写系统的阿伊努语目前正处于消失的边缘，因为它的使用者已经减少到一小部分老年人。然而，尽管对阿伊努语的语言研究是一个非常重要的事实，涉及到日语的起源和结构等基本问题，但能够成为语言分析对象的准确的描述性数据却很少。本研究的目的是收集和描述阿伊努语的库页语方言(这种语言的三种方言之一，另外两种是北海道方言和千岛群岛方言)，直接从最后一位说这种语言的人那里获得。最后一个说阿伊努语的人是87岁的盲人Asai Take，目前住在北海道东高-孟贝苏的敬老院。她记住了大量的爱奴口述文学传统，即民间故事和史诗，能够正确地复制它们，并愿意与目前的研究人员合作。我遇到浅井时，作为一名研究项目的研究人员，我被分配到名为《基于波尔苏斯基材料的日本北方文化研究》(1984-1985，主管Katoo Kyuzoo)的研究项目，当时我正在北海道周围旅行，寻找Sakhlin Ainu Take的演讲者，尽管她完全失明，年龄很大，但健康状况良好。她为我复制了有价值的阿伊努人口头文学作品，并心甘情愿地帮我核对了我的描述。这样得到的结果可以分为(1)口头文学，例如福克族故事，(2)基本词汇，(3)语法。第一组被出版为《库页岛阿伊努人1的口头文本》。接下来的两组数据将由本研究人员稍后介绍。

The Ainu language which has no writing system is presently on the verge of disappearance, since its speakers have been reduced to a small number of the aged. However, in spite of the fact that linguistic research on Ainu is a very important one, being related to such essential problems as the origin and the structure of the Japanese language, accurate data of descriptive nature which can become object of a linguistic analysis are scarce.The purpose of the present research was to collect and describe data on the Sakhalin dialect of the Ainu language, (one of the theree dialects of this language, the other two being the Hokkaido and the Kurile Islands dialects) obtained directly from the last surviving speaker of this dialect.The last person speaking Sakhalin Ainu is Asai Take, a 87 year-old blind woman, presently living in the home for the elderly people in Hidaka-Monbetsu, Hokkaido. she remembered a great number of pieces of Ainu oral literary tradition, namely folk tales and epic poems, was able to reproduce them correctly and willingly cooperated with the present researcher.I met Asai Take when, as a researcher assigned to the research project named "Studies on Nothern Cultures arround Japan Based on Polsudski's Materials" (1984-1985, supervisor Katoo Kyuuzoo), I was travelling arround Hokkaido in search of speakers of the Sakhlin Ainu.Asai Take, in spite of her complete blindness and age, was in good health. She reproduced for me valuable pieces of Ainu oral literature and willingly helped me to check my description.The results thus obtained may be divided into data on (1) oral literature, e.g. falk tales, (2) basic vocabulary, (3) grammar. the first group was published as "ORAL TEXTS OF SAKHALIN AINU 1". The next two groups of data will be introdued by the present researcher later.