Study of the expression of oncogene in human thyroid cells

由于癌基因是在癌病毒中发现的，这些癌基因不仅存在于癌细胞中，也存在于正常细胞中，它们似乎参与了细胞的增殖和发育。虽然在大鼠和猪甲状腺细胞中进行了许多癌基因的研究，但尚未有关于人甲状腺细胞癌基因的报道。因此，这些研究是为了调查人类甲状腺细胞中的致癌基因。从颈部手术的格雷夫斯甲状腺和正常甲状腺中获得甲状腺细胞，培养并用TSH或白细胞介素1刺激。提取总mrna，使用^<32>P-v-myc cDNA进行Northern blot分析。结果显示，在Graves的甲状腺细胞中，TSH或白细胞介素1均可检测到c-myc mRNA的转录本，并使其升高，而正常甲状腺细胞中未检测到c-myc mRNA，提示Graves的甲状腺细胞可能在促甲状腺抗体的刺激下表达cmyc癌基因。大鼠以低碘饲料喂养，去甲状腺，提取总mRNA。同样进行Northern blot分析，结果显示低碘喂养的大鼠甲状腺肿大，c-myc mRNA转录量明显高于对照组，提示c-myc癌基因可能参与了甲状腺肿大，碘后区域的地方性甲状腺肿可能与该癌基因的表达有关。其中一个致癌基因ErbA为T_3核受体基因。检测甲状腺功能亢进、甲状腺功能减退和正常人外周血单个核细胞erbA mRNA水平。结果显示，与正常和甲亢相比，甲状腺功能减退患者的erbA mRNA转录量明显增加，提示T_3核受体的增加可能补偿了循环甲状腺激素的缺乏。细胞因子被认为参与了自身免疫反应。在培养系统中发现干扰素γ、干扰素1和干扰素6可抑制人甲状腺细胞中甲状腺过氧化物酶（TPO）和甲状腺球蛋白（Tg）基因的表达，提示自身免疫性甲状腺中可能存在的细胞因子对甲状腺功能起负作用。少

Since oncogenes were discovered in carcinoma virus, these oncogenes have been found to exist in not only carcinoma cells but also normal cells in which they seem to be involved in the proliferation and development of cells. Although many studies of oncogenes have been done in rat and pig thyroid cells, there has been no report on oncogenes in human thyroid cells. These studies were, therefore, undertaken to investigate oncogenes in human thyroid cells.Thyroid cells obtained from Graves' thyroid and normal thyroid at neck surgery were cultured and stimulated by TSH or interleukin 1. Total mRNAs were extracted and Northern blot analysis was performed using ^<32>P-v-myc cDNA. The results revealed that c-myc mRNA transcripts were observed and increased by TSH or interleukin 1 in Graves' thyroid cells while c-myc mRNA were not detected in normal thyroid cells, suggesting that Graves' thyroid cells may express cmyc oncogene in response to stimulation of thyroid stimulating antibodies.Rats we … More re fed low iodine diet and and thyroids were removed and total mRNA was extracted. Northern blot analysis was performed similarly, the results revealed that thyroids obtained from rat fed low iodine diet were enlarged and c-myc mRNA transcript clearly increased compared with control, suggesting that c-myc oncogene may involved in the enlargement of thyroid and that endemic goiter in the area back of iodine may be due to this oncogene expression.ErbA, one of oncogene, was found to be T_3 nuclear receptor gene. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were studied for erbA mRNA in hyperthyroid patients, hypothyroid patients and normal subjects. The results revealed that erbA mRNA transcript clearly increased in hypothyroidism compared with that of normal and hyperthyroidism, suggesting that T_3 nuclear receptors may increase compensating for deficiency of circulating thyroid hormones.Cytokines have been considered to be involved in autoimmune reaction. Interferon gamma, interferon 1 and 6 were found to inhibit thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and thyroglobulin (Tg) gene expression in human thyroid cell in culture system, suggesting that possible cytokines in autoimmune thyroids may expert negative action on thyroid fundion. Less