The morphogical and histrogical study of the foramen gubernacular

我们用透射电镜观察了食蟹猴和人的干头骨中引带孔的位置、面积以及食蟹猴引带管内的软组织。结果如下：1）对乳牙期动物和人的干燥颅骨进行了引带孔与乳牙的位置关系的研究。因此，无论是动物还是人类，下颌骨的左右两侧均存在对称的引带孔。2）用自制的下颌中切牙、侧切牙和犬齿孔测量装置，测量了人和食蟹猴的干燥颅骨中乳牙列引带孔的面积。在动物的上颌骨中， ...更多信息 中切牙的a最大，其次为尖牙和侧切牙。在动物下颌骨中，中切牙的孔最大，其次为侧切牙和尖牙。在上颌骨中，侧切牙孔最大，其次为中切牙和尖牙。3）对3月龄和1岁食蟹猴引带管内软组织进行了透射电镜观察。~3月龄猴上皮残留物的基底层比老年猴更清晰，且呈刷状，可能与较高的形成活性有关。两个年龄组的细胞成分无明显差异。在3月龄的猴中，普通上皮细胞中纤维状的张力细丝已经显示出一定的聚集和颗粒状外观。在3月龄猴的大部分部位，仅观察到少量萎缩细胞，然而，在位于牙龈上皮附近的上皮残留物中，我们观察到含有肿胀线粒体的细胞，这可能是由于细胞变性所致。牙胚周围胶原纤维密度较低，靠近牙龈的区域胶原纤维密度较高。在本研究中，在结缔组织的细胞外间隙中没有观察到确切地来自上皮细胞残余的成分。少

We observed the locations, the areas of the foramina gubernacular occurring in the dried skulls of crab-eating monkeys and human beings, and the soft tissue in the gubernacula canal of a crab-eating monkey by using the transmission electron microscopy for the last two years (from 1987 to 1988). The results were follows.1) The dried skulls of animals and human beings with deciduous dentition were investigated the locations of the foramina gubernacular in relation to the deciduous tooth. So, there foramina gubernacular were located svmmetrically between the rifht and left sides of jaws both animals and human beings. In both maxillary and mandibular central incisors, lateral incisors and canines, these foramina were on the distal side of the deciduous teeth.2) The areas of the foramina gubernacular in the deciduous dentition were investigated in the dried skulls of crab-eating monkeys and human beings using a new made eqipment for measuring these foramina. In animal's maxilla, the foramin … More a of the central incisors were the largest, and then their size become smaller in the order of canines and lateral incisors. In animal's mandible, the foramina of the central incisors were the largest, and then their size becone smaller in order of lateral incisors and canines. In the human being's maxilla the foramina of the lateral incisors were the largest, and then their size become smaller in order of central incisors and canines. In human being's mandible with same kind of teeth in both animals and human beings.3) We observed by transmission electron microscopy the soft tissue in the gubernacular canal of a 3-month-old and 1-year-old crab-eating monkey. The basal lamina of the epithelial remnants of the-3-month-old monkey was more clearly seen than that of the older animal, and it had a brush-like appearence probably bue to relatively high forming activity. No marked difference was observed among the cellular components between the two ages. The tonofilaments which were fibrous in ordinary epithelial cells already showed some aggregation and granular appearance in the 3-month-old monkey. In most parts of the 3-month-old monkey, only a small number of atrophied cells were observed, however in the epithelial remnants located near the gingival epithlium, we observed cells containing swollen mitochondria which probably occurred due to the degeneration of the cells. The density of collagen fibers around the dental germ was relatively low, thereas in the area close to the gingiva, the density of fibers was very high. In the present study, no components exactly derived from the remnants of epithelial cells were observed within the extracellular spaces of th connective tissue. Less