Transfiguration of Diet and Reduction of Jaw Development in Australian White and Aborigine

为了证实饮食行为的快速转变对现代人颌骨生长和牙齿疾病的影响，我们对居住在西澳大利亚州珀斯的澳大利亚白人和土著居民的成年人（50岁左右）和青少年（高中青少年）进行了调查。受试者人数为175.1人。牙齿疾病白人成年人的平均牙齿数目为22至23颗，而土著成年人的平均牙齿数目为12至16颗。然而，两种人种中完整牙齿的平均数量几乎相同。在青少年中，平均现在的牙齿数量比成年人大，在两个种族之间没有差异。青少年牙周指数较低。但土著群体在两代中均表现出较高的指数。在白人成年人中，正常咬合仅占35 ~ 40%，其余为上突、前交叉咬合、拥挤等错颌。在土著成年人中，正常的咬合率为73% ~ 75%。在白人青少年中，正常咬合占41% ~ 57%，包括正畸治疗的正常咬合。在土著青少年中，正常咬合仅占38 ~ 50%，其余为上突、前交叉咬合、拥挤和开合。作为错牙合的致病因素，差异和功能因素在土著成人中发病率较低。然而，在年轻一代中，这两个种族的发病率都更高。成年原住民的牙齿磨损程度较高，而年轻一代的牙齿磨损程度较低。饮食：白人饮食中饱和脂肪和胆固醇含量普遍高于白人饮食。来自碳水化合物（包括单糖和淀粉）的能量摄入百分比在两个种族中是相似的。然而，白人男性在所有形式的碳水化合物的总摄入量更高。土著人饮食中常量营养素之间的能量分布与5至10年前进行的全国膳食调查相似。少

To confirm the effects of rapid transition of eating behavior on the jaw growth and the dental diseases in modern people, the adults (around 50) and the adolescents (high-teens) of both Australian white and aborigine who live in Perth, Western Australia were investigated. Numbers of subjects were 175.1. Dental diseasesThe average numbers of present teeth were 22 to 23 in the white adults, while they were 12 to 16 in the aboriginal adults. However, the average numbers of intact teeth were almost the same in both races. In the adolescents, the average numbers of present teeth were larger than those in the adults and there were no differences among both races. The periodontal indices were lower in the adolescents. But the aboriginal groups showed the higher indices in both generations.2. OcclusionIn the white adults, the normal occlusion were only at 35 to 40%, and the rest were the malocclusion such as the upper protrusion, the anterior cross bite and the crowding. In the aboriginal adul … More ts, the normal occlusion were at 73 to 75%. In the white adolescents, the normal occlusion were at 41 to 57%, including the orthodontically treated normal occlusion. In the aboriginal adolescents, the normal occlusion were only at 38 to 50%, and the rest were the upper protrusion, the anterior cross bite, the crowding and the open bite.As the pathogenic factors of malocclusion, the incidences of the discrepancy and the functional factors were less in the aboriginal adults. In the younger generation, however, those incidences were higher in both races. The degree of tooth attrition were grater in the aboriginal adults, and less in the younger generation.3. DietsAboriginal diets were generally higher in saturated fat and cholesterol than caucasian diets. Percentage of energy intake derived from carbohydrates, both simple sugars and starches, was similar for both races. However, caucasian males had a higher total intake of all forms of carbohydrate. The distribution of energy between macronutrients in aboriginal diets was similar to that in the national dietary surveys conducted 5 to 10 years ago. Less