A Study of Elementary Particles at Deep Underground in Kolar Gold Mines.

三个大型量热式探测器已在科拉尔金矿6,045和7,000 HG/cm^2的深度运行。到目前为止所取得的结果如下：1.非常精确地研究了能量在250TeV以下的介子的角分布、深度-强度关系和能谱。为了研究高能(&gt；50TeV)初级宇宙线相互作用中瞬发Muon的产生，分析了大气中Muon的天顶角分布。目前的数据表明，当Muon能量为8-250TeV时，当Gamma=2.7时，在X=(0.9&lt；正负&gt；0.2)X10^&lt；-3&gt；水平上存在迅速的Muon产生。多个平行的介子；多重性、退相干和特殊类型的介子束已被研究。在深度为6,045 HG/cm^2.4处观察到了一个异常高的多重数(NMU=20)介子束。来自天体的高能核微子；K.G.F.核子衰变探测器已被用来寻找来自天体势能来源的中微子诱导的µ子。大质量的长寿命粒子；在中微子事件的范畴中，存在一些特殊类型的事件，这些事件表明可能存在长寿命的大质量粒子。考察了粒子的衰变模式、寿命和质量。磁单极子；用a)电离，b)递进时间延迟和c)核子衰变催化的方法搜索肠单极子。核子衰变；在1100吨年的总暴露量中，记录到了11个核子衰变的候选事件。束缚在铁核中的核子寿命估计为T_N-3.1×10^&31年。

Three large calorimetric type detector have been operated at great depth of 6,045 and 7,000 hg/cm^2 at the Kolar Gold Mines. The results so far obtained are as follows ;1. Angular distribution, depth-Intensity relation and Energy Spectrum of muons have been studied very precisely as fundamental quantity of the muon energy up to 250 TeV.2. Prompt Muon Production ; The zenith angular distribution of atmospheric muons have been analzsed in order to study the production of prompt muons in high energy (>50 TeV) of primary cosmic ray interactions. The present data indicates that with gamma=2.7 for muon energy of 8-250 TeV, there is prompt muon production at the level of X=(0.9<plus-minus>0.2)X10^<-3>.3. Multiple Parallel Muons ; Multiplicity, decoherence and special type of muon bundles have been examined. An unusually high multiplicity (Nmu=20) muon bundle was observed at a depth of 6,045 hg/cm^2.4. High Energy Nutrinos from Celestial Sources ; K. G. F. Nucleon decay detectors have been used to look for neutrino induced muons from celestial potential potential sources.5. Massive Long Lived Particles ; within the category of Neutrino events, there exist some special type of events which show possible evidence for the existence of long lived massive particles. Decay mode, life time and mass of particles have been examined.6. Magnetic Monopole ; A search has been made for the GUT monopole with the method of a) ionization b) progressive time delay and c) catalysis of nucleon decay.7. Nucleon Decay ; In a total exposure of 1,100 ton years, 11 candidate events for nucleon decay have been recorded. Lifetime of nucleons bounded in iron nuclei is estimated as T_N-3.1X10^<31> years.