CONTROL OF SYNTHESIZING PROCESS FOR INORGANIC MATERIALS AND IMPROVEMENT OF THEIR FUNCTIONS.

无机材料可以具有多种功能，这取决于它们广泛可控的组成和结构。调节它们的特性和功能取决于合成过程的可控性。该学科涉及到许多合成过程，如高压反应、熔体的超快速冷却、熔体晶体生长、溶液中材料的形成、物理和化学气相沉积等。本论文在多学科合作下，根据不同的合成方法特点，开展了合成机理分析、合成过程控制、合成材料的表征与应用等方面的研究，取得了以下研究成果：（1）通过选择和控制反应环境，调节或控制合成材料的特性;（2）过程中表征的试验，例如结构的现场测定。（3）新工艺，如自燃烧、利用光子能和超高温、伴随反应控制工艺、高效插层工艺等。（4）成分和相的控制。（5）采用先进的工艺，如镀膜。（6）氟氧化物类新材料，包括金刚石、cBM（超硬材料）、GIC、氮化物、碳化物、氧化物复合材料和玻璃，以及高温超导体、涂层材料、磁性材料和介电材料等。

Inorganic materials can have a wide variety of functions depending on their widely controllable compositions and structures. Tuning their characteristics and functions is dependent on controllability of the synthesizing process. In this subject, many synthesizing processes, such as reactions at high pressures, super-rapid cooling of melts, crystal growth from melts, foreation of materials in solutions, physical and clienical vapor depositions, etc, are dealt with. Analysis of the foreation mechanisms, control of the synthesis processes and characterization and application of the obtained materials were perforlied, under an interdisciplinary cooperation by the members, different in their specialities of the synthesis methods.Results of the researches for two years are evaluated as follows: (1)Tuning or control of characteristics of the synthesized materials by selection and control of the reaction environments. (2)Trials of in-process characterization, such as in site determination of structure. (3)New Processes, such as self-combustion, utilization of photon energy and ultra-high temperature, a process controlled by an accompanied reaction, highly efficient process for intercalation, etc. (4)Control of compositions and phases. (5)Application of a developed process, such as coating with films. (6)New materials, such as of an oxy-fluoride family.Materials, such as diamond and cBM (as super-hard materials), GIC, composites and glasses made from nitrides, carbides and oxides, including high-Tc superconductors, coating materials, magnetic materials and dielectric materials, are dealt with.