Observational Study on the Evolution of Galaxy Structure

我们与夏威夷大学进行了合作研究，共派出35个团队前往夏威夷。我们主要使用UH望远镜和莫纳克亚山上的其他望远镜，与日本的仪器一起，进行了各种观测，以研究银河系中心的结构，星系的结构和星星形成区域的结构。主要研究结果如下：用PtSi探测器的近红外相机进行了观测。这台具有512X512像素的近红外相机具有最宽的视野，可以最有效地揭示银河系中心周围的广域结构。利用UH FOS观测了致密星系群，确定了它们的结构和运动学性质，并根据观测结果进行了计算机模拟，发现了星系演化的强烈环境效应。有人认为，广泛分布的暗物质可能会抑制过快的进化。对边缘星系的表面光度学研究表明，某些盘状星系由于与其他星系的潮汐相互作用而产生翘曲。近红外光盘图像显示多尺度高度的垂直结构。粉尘排放的研究，使用棱镜和光栅光谱仪在日本开发。许多IRAS星系显示出与星星形成活动相关的3.3 μ m辐射。从类星体中探测到1500K的热分量，用同样的谱仪研究了年轻星体的星周物理。FU Ori天体在耀斑阶段表现出水蒸气吸收，表明增强的辐射蒸发了冰粒。4个IRAS源显示了3 μ m的尘埃发射，类似于散射星云。毫米波偏振测量表明星际磁场垂直于定律质量原恒星盘云的盘平面。

We carried out the collaborative research with University of Hawaii by sending 35 teams in total to Hawaii. Using mainly UH telescopes and other telescopes on Mauna Kea, in conjunction with Japanese instruments, we performed various observations to investigate structure of the Galactic center, structure of galaxies, and structure of star forming regions. Main results are as follows :The observation was made using a NIR camera with PtSi detector. This NIR camera with 512X512 pixels had the widest FOV and was most effective to reveal wide-area structures around the Galactic center. The result indicated that the absorption features coincided with those of, dense molecular clouds.Using UH FOS we observed compact groups of galaxies to determine their structure and kinematic properties, and to find out strong environmental effect on the evolution of galaxies by computer simulations based upon the observational results. It was suggested that wide distributed dark matter may suppress the too quick evolution. Surface photometric study of edge-on galaxies revealed that some of disks showed warping which was attributed to tidal interaction with another galaxies. NIR disk images revealed multiple scale heights in their vertical structure. Dust emission was investigated using prism- and grating spectrometers developed in Japan. Many of IRAS galaxies showed 3.3mum emission correlated to star formation activity. Thermal component of 1500K was detected from QSO's.The same spectrometers were used for investigation of circumstellar physics of young stellar objects. FU Ori objects showed watervapour absorption when they were in flare-up phase, indicating that intensitiedradiation evaporated ice grains. 4 of IRAS sources showed 3mum dust emission, similar to that seen from scattering nebulae.A mm-wave polarimetry indicated interstellar magnetic field perpendicular to the disk plane of a law-mass protostellar disk cloud.