A Joint Research of Traditional and Alternative Dispute Resolution Systems in the South-western Pacific Countries

项目成果如下：1 14名法学院成员访问了夏威夷、菲律宾、印度尼西亚和密克罗尼西亚联邦，5名夏威夷法学院成员访问了广岛法学院并进行了学术交流。两校的二十多名教职工也互访并支持了这个项目1990年，广岛大学法学院同夏威夷法学院的成员合作，成功地举办了一次“南太平洋岛屿国家的社会、政治和法律问题”国际专题讨论会。这是一个超出预期的项目结果。3 .“南太平洋岛屿国家的法律与社会”是该项目的另一项成果。这本书将大大有助于对南太平洋地区的研究。4《广岛法律杂志》出版了关于南太平洋岛屿国家的几篇文章的译本从这项联合研究中获得的知识如下：至于南太平洋岛屿国家，它们在太平洋上的分布范围更广。它们最迟变成了西方国家的殖民地，因此在形式上从一个独立的国家变成了一个殖民地。他们所面临的问题是如何在政府体制和法律体系中配置传统领袖的权威和传统习俗，这是民族国家建立道路上的共同问题。5 .另一方面，它们同时面临着放射性废物的污染、200海里专属经济水域引起的领土争端等当代问题至于印尼，90%的人口信仰伊斯兰教。她接受了荷兰的法律体系，并面临着如何调整欧洲法律、伊斯兰法律和传统本土法律体系的问题。她还面临着严重的社会流动性和环境污染所造成的问题对于夏威夷和美国来说，争端解决的问题是同时出现的。在美国，除了裁决和仲裁之外，还在尝试各种替代性纠纷解决制度（ADR），如迷你审判、租赁法官、仲裁仲裁、法院附属仲裁和调解等。其中，法院附属仲裁和调解最受关注。对adr的研究指出，“谈判”不仅是adr的共同主动阶段，而且是一般adr的共同主动阶段，是和平解决争端不可或缺的手段我们认为这个项目已经按照最初的预期进行了。少

Results of the Project are following :1 14 members of the law faculty visited Hawaii, Philippines, Indonesia and Federated States of Micronesia, and 5 members of Hawaii Law School visited Hiroshima Law Faculty, and they performed academic exchange. Over twenty more staffs of both schools also visited each other and supported this project.2 Law Faculty of Hiroshima University held successfully an international symposium " Social, Political and Legal Problems of South Pacific Island States", cooperating with the members of Hawaii Law School, in 1990. It was an result of the project more than expected.3 "Law and Society of South Pacific Island States" was published as another result of the project. This book will greatly contribute to the studies of South Pacific Area.4 Several translations of articles about South Pacific Island States were published in "The Hiroshima Law Journal".5 The knowledge from this joint research is following :As to the South Pacific Island states, they locate sca … More ttering widely in the Pacific. They became to the colonies of western states at latest, therefore they vary from an independent state to a colony in their forms. They suffer from the problems of the way how to configure the authority of the traditional leaders and tradition and customs in the governmental system and legal systems, which belong to the common problems on the way of establishing national states. On the other hand, they face the contemporary problems, such as the pollution by the radio-active waste, territory disputes caused by the exclusive economic water area of 200 miles and so on, at the same time.6 As to Indonesia, 90 % of the population believe in Islam. She has received the legal system of Netherlands, and has faced the problem how to adjust European law, Islamic law and traditional indigenous legal systems. She also faces the problems which are caused by severe social mobility and environmental pollution.7 As to Hawaii and the United States, the problems about dispute resolution are coming up hand in hand. In the United States various alternative dispute resolution systems (= ADR) are trying, such as mini-trial, rent a judge, med-arb, court annexed arbitration and mediation etc. beside adjudication and arbitration. Court-annexed arbitration and mediation are most interested among them. The research of ADRs points out that "negotiation" is a common initiative stage not only in the ADRs but also in general, and an indispensable means to resolve the disputes peacefully.8 We believe that this project has been performed as expected at the beginning. Less