Inhalation anesthetics and oncogene

虽然大多数癌症患者都接受全身麻醉，但一些研究人员和麻醉师对癌细胞与麻醉之间的相互作用感兴趣。因此，我们一直在研究麻醉对癌细胞的影响，试图为癌症患者建立最佳的麻醉。我们把重点放在了“致癌基因”上。我们猜测麻醉药可能影响癌基因。我们的研究如下：(1)卤代烷与体外培养的人白血病细胞中c-myc蛋白的表达；(2)卤代烷与体外培养的神经母细胞瘤中N-myc的扩增。结果如下：(1) c-myc蛋白的表达量在氟烷暴露期间和之后没有变化，(2)N-myc的扩增量在氟烷暴露期间和之后也没有变化。就我们的结果而言，麻醉对致癌基因没有影响。还有许多其他致癌基因。其他一些致癌基因可能在麻醉期间或麻醉后发生改变。此外，我们还做了其他的研究。我们试图在体外评估麻醉期间和麻醉后癌细胞抗原的变化。我们的研究如下：(1)卤代烷与黑色素瘤细胞中HLA-DR抗原的表达；(2)卤代烷/七氟烷与黑色素瘤细胞间粘附分子-1 （ICAM-1）的表达。实验结果如下：(1)氟烷暴露后，黑色素瘤细胞中HLA-DR的表达升高；(2)氟烷/七氟烷暴露后，黑色素瘤细胞中ICAM-1的表达降低。这些结果表明，麻醉药物影响了癌细胞中抗原的表达，这种变化可能降低了免疫监视的识别。麻醉剂可能使癌症病人病情恶化。麻醉医师和外科医生应该意识到麻醉可能会使癌症患者病情恶化，最好继续研究癌症与麻醉的关系。

Although almost cancer patients are undergone with general anesthesia, a few researchers and anesthesiologists are interest in the interaction between cancer cells and anesthesia. So we have been doing researches of the influence of anesthesia on cancer cells in order to try to establish the best anesthesia for cancer patients. We put on a focus on "oncogene". We guessed that anesthesia agents might influence oncogene.We studied as follows; (1)halothane and the expression of c-myc protein in human leukemia cells in vitro, (2)halothane and the amplification of N-myc in neuroblastoma in vitro. Results were as follows; (1)the expression of c-myc protein did not change during/after halothane exposure, (2)the amplification of N-myc did not also change during/after halothane exposure.As far as our results, anesthesia did not influence oncogene. There are many other oncogenes. Some of other oncogene might change during/after anesthesia.Furthermore, we did other researches. We tried to evaluate the change of antigens in cancer cells during/after anesthesia in vitro. We studied as follows; (1)halothane and the expression of HLA-DR antigen in melanoma cells, (2)halothane/sevoflurane and the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in melanoma cells. The results were as follows; (1)the expression of HLA-DR in melanoma cells increased after halothane exposure, (2)the expression of ICAM-1 in melanoma cells decreased during halothane/sevoflurane exposure.These results suggested that anesthetic agents influence on antigen expression in cancer cells, and that the change might decrease the recognition of immune surveillance. Anesthetic agents might deteriorate cancer patients.Anesthesiologists and surgeons should be aware that anesthesia might deteriorate cancer patients, and had better continue to do research on the relation between cancer and anesthesia.