A Study on the Management System of Drainage in the Watersheds Being Urbanized

城市化对水的排放和水质的影响导致了各种问题。从事农业用水管理的土地改良区(LLD)的工作人员正在与从城市化地区流入灌排渠道的排水和垃圾作斗争。由于城市化进程中没有合适的排水系统，洪水和水污染的危险越来越大。针对这些地区土地利用变化引起的土地利用效率低、维护成本高的问题，提出了一种改进的分布式存储模型，并将其应用于流域的径流预测和控制。模型的适用性度量在定标期和验证期都显示出良好的价值。对于水质问题，非点源的影响很难估计。利用多元回归分析方法估算了点源和非点源的单位负荷，并计算了它们在时间基数上的变化。为了保护水域，基于这些模型的“流域水规划”的可能性被讨论。水的状态反映了我们的文化。如果管理制度不能保护水环境，城市化地区和新开发地区就会失去吸引力。对正在开发的地区提出了一些水源保护的方法。强调指出，建立具有吸引力的母体水域和周围地区网络可促进对自然资源和人类的敏感。这是环境保护的终极目标，通过这种敏感性，我们可以期待进入我们文化的新阶段。

The effect of urbanization to water discharge and water quality causes various problems. The staffs at the Land improvement Districts (LlDs) which are engaged in the management of agricultural water use are to struggle with the drainage water and garbage that flow into the irrigation and drainage canals from the urbanized areas. Because of the urbanization without suitable drainage system, the danger of flood and polution of water is increasing. The LlDs in these areas are having hard time and pay tremendous cost cost every year for the maintenance of their canal system.The revised distributed storage model is proposed and applied to the watersheds for forecasting and controlling the water runoff from such altered land use. The measure of the applicability of the model shows good values both in the calibration and verification periods. For the water quality problems the effects of the nonpoint sources are difficult to be estimated. The unit loads for the point and nonpoint sources are estimated by using the multiple regression analyses, and their changes in the time base are also calculated. The possibility of 'water planning for a watershed' based on these models is discussed for the protection of water area.The state of water reflects our culture. If management systems fail to protect the water environment, the urbanized area and the newly developed area will become unattractive. Some methods are proposed for the preservation of water in the areas being developed. It is emphasized that creating networks of attractive maternal waters and the surrounding areas promote sensitivity to natural resources and humanity. It is the ultimate goal of environmental protection, and we could expect through this sensitivity to enter into a new stage of our culture.