Development of Automatic Set-Up Equipment for Large Forging and Casting

本文介绍了为缩短大型铸件和锻件加工的加工准备工作而研制的自动对位设备。该系统主要由三个模块组成：第一个模块是计算机辅助三维形状测量系统，该系统由安装有新研制的非接触式距离传感器的五向测量机和处理器组成，处理器用于将测量的距离数据转换为坐标，然后生成目标工件的网格点数据。该距离传感器基于天文望远镜式光学系统，在光轴上水平放置激光管和一维电荷耦合器件。第二步是确定所需形状进入工件的相对位置，第三步是计算划线的NC数据。该软件系统既可以接受所开发的测量系统提供的零件形状数据，也可以接受CAD系统提供的所需形状的几何模型。调整几何模型在工件空间中的位置和方向，使排料在工件周围均匀，并基于这些模型生成刀架的NC数据。一些试验证实了令人满意的结果。

This report describes the Automatic set-up equipment to shorten the machining preparation work for machining of large castings and forgings. The system mainly consists of three modules : the first one is the computer-aided three-dimensional shape measuring system which consists of 5-directional measuring machine installed with a newly developed non-contact distance sensor, and processors provided to transform the measured distance data to coordinates then also to construct netire mesh point data of the object workpiece. The distance sensor is based on an astronomical telescope typed optical system, equiped with laser tube and one dimensional CCD set horizontally on the optical axis. The second is to determine the relative position of the required shape into the workpiece, and the third one is to calculate the NC data for the scribing lines. The proposed software system accepts both the workpiece shape data from the developed measuring system and the geometric model of the required shape from the CAD system. Also it adjusts the position and orientation of the geometric model in the workpiece space, makes the stock removal uniform around the workpiece, and generates NC data for the sribe based on these models. Satisfactory results have been confirmed by some tests.