High Degree Utilization of Leaf Fstorides and Their Degradative products, omega -Hydroxyacids, from Main Japanese Conifers

为了开发植物资源的利用方法，研究人员关注了尚未用于人类生活的日本针叶树叶子。与碳水化合物如纤维素和多酚如木质素一起，叶子含有大量的角质成分。蓖麻油是由脂肪酸和醇组成的低聚酯、雌甾烷的混合物。为了建立叶雌激素的直接和间接利用方法，本研究首先测定了23种针叶树叶中雌激素的总含量。采用木质素定量分析常用的Klason法和乙酰溴法对无提取物的叶粉进行分析。然后，评估两个值之间的含量差异意味着真实的雌甾内酯含量。样品之间的值覆盖了干叶粉重量的10- 20%的限度。接下来，对42个样品进行了碱解，测定了它们的总酸 ...更多信息 和乙醇含量。前者的值范围为1%至6%，后者包括相对于相应酸含量的痕量至14%。同时对酸和醇进行了定性和定量分析。鉴定了12-羟基月桂酸、10，16-二羟基十六烷酸、十六烷-1，16-二酸等9种酸，并证明了它们之间的定性和定量关系。样品间的存在模式是植物物种的特征。同样，分离并测定了1，12-十二烷二醇、1，14-十四烷二醇、1，16-十六烷二醇等六种醇。样品中雌甾内酯的存在趋势与酸的存在趋势相似，但由于雌甾内酯的含量与基于水解酸和水解醇量计算的含量之间存在较大差距，因此尝试了各种预处理方法以有效占有雌甾内酯及其降解产物。因此，蒸汽爆炸，氯和酶处理是有效的，为此目的。此外，还研究了雌甾内酯及其组成单体含量随叶龄和季节的变化。结果表明，不同样品间的定性和定量差异不显著，为最有效地掌握某些目标雌激素和/或单体，提供了一种合适的样品和前处理方法。因此，这些知识对开发叶雌激素的利用方法是有用的。少

For the purpose of development of utilization methods on plant resources, the investigator attended to Japanese conifer leaves which had not been used for the human life. Together with carbohydrates such as cellulose and polyphenols such as lignin, the leaf contains a large amount of cutin constituent. Cutin is a mixture of oligo-esters, estoride, composing from aliphatic acids and alcohols. The study was undertaken in order to establish the direct and indirect utilization methods of leaf estorides.At first, total estoride contents were estimated on 23 species of conifer leaves. Extract-free leaf powders respectively were analyzed by Klason and acetyl bromide methods which were common to quantitative analysis of lignin. Then, it was evaluated that the content difference between two values meant a real estoride content. The values among samples were covered a limit of 10-20 % for the dried leaf powder weight.Nextly, alkaline hydrolyses of 42 samples were undergone, and their total acid … More and alcohol contents were obtained respectively. The former values ranged from 1 % to 6 %, and the latter comprised from trace to 14 % against the corresponding acid content. Also, the identification arid quantitative analysis of acids and alcohols were carried out. Nine acids containing 12-hydroxylauric acid, 10, 16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid, hexadecane-1, 16-dioic acid, etc. were identified and their qualitative and quantitative relations were proved. The presence pattern among samples was characteristic in the plant species. Similarly, six alcohols such as 1, 12-dodecandiol, 1, 14-tetrade-canediol, 1, 16-hexadecanediol were isolated and measured. The presence tendency among samples was similar to that of the acids.As there was a large gap between the estoride content and the calculated content based on the hydrolized acid and alcohol amounts, Various pretreatment procedures were attempted for the effective possession of estoride and its degradative products. Accordingly, steam-explosion, chlorine and enzyme treatments were effective for this purpose. Furthermore, the changes due to leaf age and season were examined on estoride and its composing monomer contents. It was indicated there were not remarkable qualitative and quantitative differences among samples.Consequently, for the most effective possession of some objective estoride and/or monomer, one suitable sample and pretreatment method can be presented. Then, it can be judged that these knowledges is available for developing utilization methods of leaf estoride. Less