Establishment of mass acquisition methods of cutinand its hydrolyzed products from coniferous leaves, and trials on their higher utilization methods

本文的工作是为了建立有效利用占针叶树总叶和细枝约50%的方法。特别是杉木和柏木叶细胞的角质被认为是有效利用的目标化合物。最后一年的研究结果如下：1)建立了总角质定量分析方法，测定了日本针叶树主要叶片的角质含量。2)对日本针叶树主要叶片的角质进行碱性水解，测定单体及其含量。3)对角质碱水解产物进行了取样季节、叶龄、叶、轴、枝混合等定量分析，为研究人员进行开发提供了安全保障。4)为了大量获取角质及其水解化合物，研究了几种处理方法。(1)蒸汽爆破法制备角质单体是一种较好的方法。(2)考察了纤维素酶和/或果胶酶处理的效果，但存在经济问题。(3)对丙二醇处理的试验表明，丙二醇处理在去除木质素后，有利于大量获取角质和纤维素。(4)聚乙烯乙二醇处理在有微量H_2SO_4存在的情况下可溶除角质层的主要叶片成分，即角质层被浓缩为不溶性物质。可溶解的主要叶片组分可用于泡沫塑料的制备。(5)对甲酚- h_2so_4处理提高了木质素的利用率，同时也提高了角质的浓度。(6)用H_2SO_4和三氟乙酸对上述处理得到的材料进行去除处理，对角质的净化效果更好。5)获得了10,16-二羟基十六酸胶凝的基本知识，为胶凝材料的开发提供了基础。少

The present work was carried out in order to establish the effective utilization methods of leaf and twigs which account for about 50 % of the whole coniferous tree. Especially, cutin of Japanese cedar and cypress leaf cells was noted as the target compound for the effective utilization. The results on the last year of this research are as follows.1) The quantitative analysis method for total cutin was established and cutin amounts of main Japanese coniferous tree leaves were determined.2) Monomers and their quantities were determined after alkaline hydrolysis of cutin from main Japanese coniferous tree leaves.3) Quantitative analysis of alkaline hydrolysis products of cutin was undertaken with regard to samapling season, leaf age, mixing of leaf, rachis and twig, and so on, and these results assured the researchers for safety in carring out the development.4) For the purpose of mass aquisition of cutin and its hydrolized compounds, some treatment methods were studied. (1) The steam-ex … More plosion treatment was good method forobtaining of cutin monomers. (2) The effect of enzyme treatment with cellulase and/or pectinase was examined, though there was the economic problem. (3) The examination on propyleneglycol treatment was revealed that this treatment was usuful on the mass aquisition of cutin together with cellulose, after removal of lignin. (4) The treatment with polyethyleneglycol in the presence of a trace of H_2SO_4 solubilied main leaf components except cutin, that is, cutin was concentrated as insoluble materials. The solubilized main leaf components could be adapted the preparation of foamed plastic. (5) The treatments with p-cresol-H_2SO_4 enabled the utilization of lignin, in addition to concentration of cutin. (6) Removal treatments with H_2SO_4 and trifluoroacetic acid against the materials obtained from the above treatments were more effective on the purification of cutin.5) The basic knowledges on the gelation of 10,16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid was obtained for the development of gelling materials. Less