ETHNOLOGICAL STUDY OF AINU MATERIALS IN AMERICAN MUSEUMS

1.在1992财政年度，我们在美国西部的下列博物馆对阿伊努人的藏品进行了调查：赫斯特人类学博物馆(加州大学伯克利分校)；俄勒冈州立博物馆和俄勒冈大学艺术博物馆(尤金，或俄勒冈大学)；彼得·布莱德收藏馆(林肯，内华达州)；托马斯·伯克纪念华盛顿州博物馆(西雅图，华盛顿州)；花卉历史博物馆(加州大学洛杉矶分校)；洛杉矶县自然历史博物馆(洛杉矶，洛杉矶)；在俄勒冈大学艺术博物馆，我们发现了弗雷德里克·斯塔尔留下的令人惊讶的大量档案材料，他是第一次世界大战前阿伊努人标本的重要收藏家之一。这些藏品的存在一直不为人知，藏品的确切内容仍有待阐明。然而，斯塔尔在芝加哥大学图书馆的田野笔记--我们只调查了其中的一部分--表明可能包括以下物品：照片、电影、神社印章、关于阿伊努人的日式书籍、关于阿伊努人的图画、火柴标签，等等。我们认为它们是由弗雷德里克·斯塔尔和他的助手曼努埃尔·冈萨雷斯在1904年至1993年在东京去世期间，斯塔尔在日本断断续续停留期间拍摄和收集的。我们强调，这本藏书不仅包含Ainu Things，还包含日本事物。3.我们为期三年的研究活动的进展报告将于3月底发布。报告的内容包括：1)《美国博物馆中Ainu资料的民族学研究》报告；2)几篇关于北美主要Ainu藏品的文章：其历史背景和一些解读；3)北美东部五大博物馆(皇家安大略博物馆、布鲁克林博物馆、美国自然历史博物馆、宾夕法尼亚大学博物馆和国家自然历史博物馆)的Ainu藏品清单和一些重要档案资料清单。

1.During the fiscal year of 1992, we carried out investigations of ainu collections at the following museums in the Western U. S. : Hearst Museum of Anthropology (UC-B, Berkeley, CA) ; Oregon State Museum and University of Oregon Museum of Art (Eugene, OR) ; Peter Bleed Collection (Lincoln, NE) ; Thomas Burke Memorial Washington State Museum (Seattle, WA) ; Flower Museum of Cultural History (UCLA) ; Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History (LA, LA) ; Bishop Museum (Honolulu, HI).2.At the University of Oregon Museum of Art, we found the surprisingly large collection of archival materials left by Frederick Starr, one of the important collectors of Ainu specimens before the World War I. The existence of this collection had been unknown and the exact contents of the collection still remain to be elucidated. Starr's fieldnotes at the University of Chicago Library, only part of which we have surveyed, however, suggest that the following items might be included : photographs, movies, seals from shrine-temples, Japanese-styled books on Ainu, drawings on Ainu, matche lables, and so on. We interprete them to have been taken and collected by Frederick starr and his assistant, Manuel Gonzales, during Starr's numbers of intermittent stays in Japan, from 1904 to 1993, when he died in Tokyo. We emphasize that this collection does not only contain Ainu things, but also things Japanese.3.A progress report of our three-year research activities is to be published at the end of March. Contents of the report are : 1) A report on " Ethnological Study of Ainu Materials in American Museums, " ; 2) Several essays on major Ainu collections in North America : their historical backgrounds and some interpretations ; and 3) Lists of Aunu collections at five major museums in Eastern North America (Royal Ontario Museum, Brooklyn Museum, American Museum of Natural history, University of pennsylvania Museum, and National Museum of Natural History) and a list of some important archival materials.