Studies on the Genetic Variation and Speciation in the Paragonimus westermani Group in Asia

本研究的目的是推断(1)日本卫氏并殖吸虫三倍体的起源和(2)1878年Kerbert所描述的卫氏并殖吸虫是什么。超过5000人。1990年，从东北3省采集的1873只小龙虾（达乌尔螯虾、沈氏螯虾）中分离出囊蚴并吸虫。根据其形态特征和成虫的形态特征，鉴定为westermani。结果表明，辽宁地区的吸虫可分为二倍体、三倍体和四倍体。来自中国的三倍体吸虫不仅在宿主特异性上，而且在电泳模式上与日本的几乎相同。在二倍体吸虫中，中国种群的电泳模式具有多态性，而日本种群的电泳模式具有单态。在中国二倍体群体中发现了日本三倍体的特异等位基因，且频率较高。因此，该吸虫在中国东北地区的某二倍体群体在基因渗进方面与日本三倍体的祖先更接近。1990年在印度曼尼普尔采集的79只大闸蟹（Potamiscus manipurensis）中分离出36只吸虫。他们暂时分为两组。源自P. westermani型囊蚴的成虫形态与Vevers（1923）对P. westermani的描述一致，但与Kerbert（1878）的描述不一致。1991年在印度曼尼普尔省采集的570只螃蟹中分离出吸虫囊蚴843只。他们暂时分为4组。1991年在泰国南部采集的205只大闸蟹（Phricotelphusa spp., Ranguna smalley）中分离出吸虫囊蚴773只。他们被分为两组。对印度和泰国吸虫的进一步研究正在进行中。在印度，对人类吸虫病的流行病学研究以及对作为该疾病病原体的吸虫的进一步生物学研究是非常重要的，因为在那里发现了许多吸虫病患者和多种吸虫病种。少

The present study is to deduce (1) the origin of the triploids of Paragonimus westermani of Japan and (2) what P. westermani is which was described by Kerbert in 1878. More than 5, 000. Paragonimus metacercariae were isolated from 1, 873 crayfishes (Cambaroides dauricus, C. shrenkii) collected in 3 provinces of north-eastern China in 1990. They were identified as P. westermani based on their morphology as well as that of the adults. The flukes, especially from Liaoning Province were proved to be diploid, triploid and tetraploid types. The triploid fluke from China was almost the same as Japanese one not only in host-specificity but also in electrophoretic patterns. In the diploid fluke, Chinese populations were polymorphic in electrophoretic patterns, while Japanese ones were monomorphic. The specific alleles of Japanese triploid were found, with high frequency, in the diploid populations in China. Therefore, a certain diploid population of this fluke in north-eastern China seems to be … More related to the ancestor of Japanese triploid in terms of the gene introgression. Thirty-six Paragonimus metacercariae were isolated from 79 crabs (Potamiscus manipurensis) collected in Manipur, India, in 1990. They were provisionally classified into 2 groups. The morphology of the adult originating from P. westermani type metacercariae was in good agreement with the description of P. westermani by Vevers (1923), but not by Kerbert (1878). Eight hundred forty-three Paragonimus metacercariae were isolated from 570 crabs (the same as above) collected in Manipur, India, in 1991. They were provisionally classified into 4 groups. Seven hundred seventy-three Paragonimus metacercariae were isolated from 205 crabs (Phricotelphusa spp., Ranguna smalley) collected in southern Thailand, in 1991. They were classified into 2 groups. Further studies on Indian and Thai Paragonimus are now in progress. Epidemiological studies on human paragonimiasis as well as further biological studies on the flukes which are causative agents of this disease in India are highly important, because a great many of patients of paragonimiasis and multiple Paragonimus species have been found there. Less