Study on the Methods Based upon Separation Chemistry for Intensive Improvements in Trace Analysis

由于环境物质中痕量元素的形态分析和物质表征的科学意义，13位分析化学家共同致力于分离-形态化学及其相关的高灵敏分析技术的研究。为了实现这一目标，我们围绕五个主题展开了研究。发展了钯化合物和/或白蛋白增敏的石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定IIIB-IVB金属，以及高灵敏度的催化滴定法.研究了金属螯合树脂、螯合树脂、新型螯合剂的合成及其在痕量分析中的应用.建立了新型阴离子萃取体系和基于HSAB规则或萃取行为的萃取分离方案设计新方法.介绍了邻位稀土的动态离子交换分离、铜作为DTC络合物在各种膜过滤器上的富集、草酸钙亚化学计量沉淀选择性富集稀土金属及其在中子活化分析中的应用、阴离子交换树脂大分子离子浮选富集阴离子物种.在线预富集和分离技术是原子分子光谱法测定痕量元素的高灵敏度和高选择性方法。

Intensive developments of separation-speciation chemistry and related highly sensitive analytical techniques have been jointly investigated by thirteen analytical chemists, because of scientific significance of characterization of materials and speciation of trace elements in environmental materials. In order to achieve the goal five themes have been attacked.1. Palladium compounds and/or albumin-enhanced GF-AAS for IIIB-IVB metals, and highly sensitive titrimetry with catalytic reaction have been developed.2. Syntheses of metal specific resins, chelating resins, new chelating agents and their evaluation from view points of trace characterization have worked out.3. Novel extraction system for anionic species, and new approaches on the design of extractive separation scheme based on HSAB rule or extraction behavior are established.4. Dynamic ion-exchange separation of adjacent rare earths, enrichment of copper as the DTC complex on various membrane filters, selective preconcentration of rare earth metals by substoichiometric precipitaion of calcium oxalate and its application to neutron activation analysis, and preconcentration of anionic species by macromolecular ion flotation of anionexchange resin are also accomplished.5. On-line preconcentration and separation methods are developed for highly sensitive and selective determination of trace elements by atomic or molecular spectrometry.