Comparing factors concerning lifestyle associated with health status and mortality among elderly people across communities

我们已经开始对城市社区、农村社区和山区65岁及以上非贫困老年人的健康状况和生活方式进行跟踪研究。关于基线调查，我们比较了这些社区的生活方式和健康状况之间的关系。主要研究结果如下：1.与城市社区相比，农村社区的身体健康状况受损(日常生活中的体力活动、日常生活中的工具性活动)和亲密的社会网络(与亲戚的联系、友谊、与邻居的联系、参与集体活动)的频率更高。在农村社区过着空荡荡的日常生活的老年人较少。在农村社区发展的社会网络可以使老年人积极地进行他们的日常生活，并可能使残疾老年人生活在他们的社区中。在农村社区的样本中，研究了生活满意度和社会网络之间的联系。在男女性别中，生活满意度与社交网络呈正相关。男性和女性与个人社交网络项目的关联性不同。在男性中，幼年的家庭成员网络和年龄最大的社区成员的网络是相关的。在女性中，参与集体活动在两个年龄段都有关联。在农村地区，采用一般健康问卷(GHQ)测量心理幸福感，并探讨其与身体健康状况和社会网络的关系。主观身体健康状况受损与GHQ高分相关，即心理健康受损。在调整主观身体健康状况后，既没有工作也没有角色，社区成员缺乏社会网络与GHQ高分相关。

We have started follow-up studies on health status and lifestyle among nonistitutionalized elderly people 65 years of age and over in an urban community, a rural community and a mountainous community. With regard to the baseline survey, we compared associations between lifestyle and health status across these communities. The main findings were as follows :1. In comparison with the urban community, impaired physical health status (physical activities of daily livings, instrumental activities of daily livings) and intimate social networks (contact with relatives, friendship, contact with neighbors, involvement with group activities) were more frequent in the rural community. There were less elderly people spending their daily lives vacantly in the rural community. Social networks developed in the rural community may enable elderly people to spend their daily lives actively and may have disabled elderly people live in their community.2. The associations between life satisfaction and social networks were examined in the sample of the rural community. Life satisfaction was positively associated with social networks in both sexed. The associations with individual social network items were different between men and women. In men, networks of family members in the yound-old and networks of community members in the oldest-old were associated. In women, involvement with group activities was associated in both age groups.3. In the rural area, psychological wellbeing was measured with General Health Questionnaire(GHQ) and its associations with physical health status and social networks were examined. Impaired subjective physical health status was associated with GHQ high score, which means impaired psychological wellbeing. After adjusting for subjective physical health status, having neither jobs nor roles and lack of social networks of community members were associated with GHQ high score.