Study on Environmental Planning in Large Scale Underground Space

对于地下空间的利用，无论是对环境条件的控制还是对其安全性的考察都是非常重要的。现在，地下购物中心、地下停车场和地铁的规模越来越大。规模达1万平方米，距离1公里。水平尺度已经超过了建筑尺度，可以说，通常的建筑环境规划设计方法已经不能适应这种尺度。本研究旨在制定大型地下空间建筑规划、设备规划、管理规划的技术导则。对地下购物中心、地下停车场和地铁的环境和能耗进行了调查，研究结果表明，与地上建筑相比，地下购物中心的能耗较大。热环境受到从入口处进入的空气的影响。对地下停车场的研究结果表明，地下停车场的设备负荷和能耗均大于地上停车场。并通过问卷调查发现了地下空间中常见的心理问题。利用一些停车设备，如车载电梯，可以减少地下停车场的停留人数，以避免环境和心理问题。对地铁的研究结果表明，空调能耗的增加幅度大于电动汽车的能耗。进站新风、列车散热和旅客出行对测点的热环境影响较大。

For utilization of underground space, it is very important both to control the environmental condition and to look its safety. Now, the scale of Underground Shopping Center, Underground Parking Lot & Subway are getting larger. The scale has amount to 10, 000m^2 in area and 1km in distance. Horizontal scale has exceeded the architectural scale, and it can be said that usual design method of environmental planning for architecture can not cope with this scale. The purpose of this study in making a technological guideline of architectural planning, equipment planning, and management planning in Large Scale Underground Space. Survey of the environment and energy use on Underground Shopping Center, Underground Parking Lot and Subway has carried out.The result of the research on Underground Shopping Center have shown that underground shopping center consumes large amount of energy conpared with above ground buildings. Thermal environments is influenced by the air which comes in from the entrances. Most people does not feel 9that the underground shopping center is comfortable.The result of the research on Underground Parking Lot shows that loads of equipments and energy consumption are more than them in Aboveground Parking Lot. And the common psychological problem of underground space is noticed by this questionnaire. It may be one of effective method to reduce the people who stay in Underground Parking Lot by some parking equipment, such as elevator for car to avoid the environmental and psychological problem.The result of the research on Subway shows that energy consumption for air condition in are increasing more than them for operating electric car. There was a large difference in thermal environment between the measuring point influenced by outdoor air inflowing from entrance, exhausted heat from train, and passengers.