The study of Political history about was compensation for civilian casualties

本研究由三个部分组成。第一部分“关于二战后日本平民受害者的战争赔偿问题”，论述了战后初期至20世纪80年代日本平民战争赔偿问题的变化。在日本，战争赔偿政策并不是建立在国家平等原则的基础上的。战争赔偿只提供给退役军人，不提供给平民。上面提到的原因是战争赔偿政策始于20世纪50年代所谓的“逆转”。20世纪60年代，战争受害者赔偿运动开始了。这一运动发展于20世纪70年代，反对战争损害的支持法案是由执政党提出的。但该法案没有得到执政党的反对，这一运动在20世纪80年代处于低谷。第二部分为“名古屋空袭诉讼”，对战争赔偿诉讼案件进行了论述。3名在名古屋空袭中受伤的平民妇女，以现行战争赔偿政策不符合日本宪法规定的平等原则为由，向日本政府提起诉讼。这一诉讼从1976年持续到1987年。在这一部分中，我们对诉讼的过程和问题进行了论证。第三部分为“关于战争灾害的保护法案”。有分析认为，虽然日本政府予以否认，但该法案实际上倾向于赔偿原则。由于上述原因，直到1945财政年度结束，为许多内战受害者支付了巨额资金。

This study is composed of three parts. In the first part, titled 'Concerning war compensation to civilian victims after W.W.II in Japan', it is argued that war compensation problem to civilians changes from early postwar to 1980's. In Japan, war compensation policy is not based on equal principle for the nations. War compensation is provided for only ex-servicemen, and is not provided for civilians . The reason mentioned above is that war compensation policy began in so called 'reverse course' of 1950's. In 1960's, the movement for war compensation to civilian victims began. This movement developed in 1970's, and the support bill against war damage wad proposed by the party out of office. But that bill didn't pass by the opposition of the party in power, and this movement was on the ebb in 1980's. In the second part, titled 'Nagoya air raid suit', it is argued on the suit case about war compensation. Three civilian women injured by Nagoya air raid, brought a lawsuit against Japanese government, for the reason that the present war compensation policy was not based on equal principle under the law written in the Constitution of Japan. This suit continued from 1976 to 1987. In this part, we argued the process and the issues of the suit. The third part is titled 'Concerning the protection act from war disaster'. It is argued that the act is, though Japanese government denied, actually inclined to the principle of compensation. For the reason above menthioned, enormous money paied for many civilian war victims till the end of 1945 fiscal year.