ON THE SAFETY OF NAVIGATIONAL WATERWAYS PASSING THROUGH BRIDGE BASED ON THE ANALYSIS OF SHIP COLLISION ACCIDENT

近年来，由于海上交通量的增加和可通航沃茨中桥梁数量的增加，船舶与桥梁碰撞的事故一直在增加。1975年澳大利亚的塔斯曼大桥和1980年美国的阳光高架桥的事故都是由船撞造成的。在日本，由于本州四国连接桥（濑户大桥）于1988年开通，东京湾跨海大桥隧道（横贯东京湾高速公路）正在建设中，因此确保桥梁的安全性，防止船舶碰撞也是一个重要课题。本研究首先对船舶碰撞事故案例进行了收集和分析。根据这一分析，风、水流和航道的影响被确定为碰撞的最重要的间接原因。为了进一步研究这些影响，已经执行了数值模拟。作为模拟的结果，船舶与桥梁碰撞的标准已被导出。

Recently, owing to the increase of marine traffic and the number of bridges in navigable waters, ship collision accidents with bridges have been increasing. The accidents of the Tasman Bridge of Australia in1975 and the Sunshine Skyway Bridge of U.S.A. in 1980 were brought about by ship collision. In Japan, it is also an important issue to keep the safety of bridges against ship collision, because Honshu-Shikoku Connecting Bridge ( Seto Bridge ) was opened in 1988 and Tokyo Bay Crossing Bridge-Tunnel ( Trans Tokyo Bay Highway ) is being constructed now. In this research, at the first part case of ship collision accidents have been collected and analysed. From this analysis the effects of wind, current and the waterway have been identified as the most significant indirect causes of collision. To further study of these effects, numerical simulations have been executed. As the result of the simulations criteria for ship collisions with bridges have been derived.