Study on the Refining of Steel by Manganese Ore

近年来，利用锰矿炼钢受到了极大的关注，因为它价格低廉。为了更好地利用锰矿，采用CaF_2-CaO-Al_2O_3-Mn_3O_4熔剂与铁液在1600ﾟC的Ar气氛下反应，研究了锰氧化物同时脱磷和脱硫的反应过程。在一次运行期间，以适当的间隔采集几个铁样，并分析锰、磷、硫和氧的含量，以进行速率分析。采集熔剂样品，估算熔剂的磷酸盐容量和硫化物容量。结果表明：1)发生了脱磷、脱硫、锰从熔剂向铁液转移以及氧在熔剂和铁液之间的分配等反应。这些反应在短时间内达到平衡。2)通过磷酸盐容量和硫化物容量的估算，发现含锰氧化物的熔剂具有精炼钢的作用。3)在此条件下，硫或氧在助熔剂和铁液之间发生快速转移，其他反应--即脱磷和锰从助熔剂向铁的转移--也进行得很快。这一现象被认为是界面湍流所致。4)模型计算结果表明，目前的熔剂不可能在这么短的时间内进行钢水精炼，需要机械搅拌。

Much attention has recently been paid to utilizing manganese ore in making steel because it is inexpensive. In order to utilize manganese ore more useful, the simultaneous reactions of dephosphorization and desulfurization by manganese oxide were investigated.Experiments were carried out by reacting CaF_2-CaO-Al_2O_3-Mn_3O_4 flux and liquid iron at 1600ﾟC under argon atmosphere. Several iron samples were taken at appropriate intervals during a run and analyzed for manganese, phosphorus, sulfur and oxygen contents for the rate analysis. Flux sample was taken for estimating the phosphate capacity and the sulfide capacity of flux. The results are as follows; 1) Reactions of dephosphorization, desulfurization, transfer of manganese from flux to liquid iron and distribution of oxygen between flux and iron occurred. These reactions reached an equilibrium within a short period. 2) From the estimation of the phosphate capacity and the sulfide capacity, it was found that the flux containing manganese oxide could refine steel. 3) Under conditions a rapid transfer of sulfur or oxygen between flux and liquid iron occurred at initial period, also the other reactions-that is, dephosphorization and transfer of manganese from flux to iron-proceeded fast. This phenomenon was presumed to the interfacial turbulence. 4) However, the results by model calculation made clear the impossibility of refining steel by present flux with so short time and the necessity for stirring steel mechanically.