WORK ORGANIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL FIRM IN FAR-EASTERN RUSSIA (BY QUESTIONAIRE METHOD)

人们认为，后苏联经济民营化过程中最困难的事情是大型工业企业的振兴。俄罗斯新发展的市场经济在商业和轻工业领域比在重工业领域更容易取胜，在小企业领域比在大公司领域更容易取胜。同样清楚的是，不重建重工业，新的俄罗斯经济就不可能稳定。当然，最重要的问题是如何建立新的经济计算体系，包括新的银行体系和新的货币供给原则。然而，如何重新组织员工的工作动机是一个不容忽视的问题。我们试图了解俄罗斯工人现在对工作的现实，以及未来在车间形成新的高效团队的可能性。对日本来说，俄罗斯远东地区的重要性越来越大。日俄远东联合研究小组通过讨论编制了78项调查问卷。在日本印刷后送往哈巴罗夫斯克，选取Energomashi的4家店、Renmashi的4家店、Shveinaya Fabrika“Vostok”的4家店以及札幌餐厅作为研究对象。俄罗斯的采访者在工作时间接触到车间的工人，每次采访20到30分钟后，他们从四个对象中获得750人的答案。日本方面的四名成员已经在1993年檀香山举行的美国科学促进会全国会议上发表了有关该研究的部分论文。但这项研究的全部内容尚未发表。俄罗斯方面的报告将在今年夏天发布，日本方面的报告将在今年内发布。

It is supposed that the most difficult thing in the privatization process of post Soviet economy is revitalization of big industrial firms. The newly developing market economy in Russia may win more easily in commerce and light industries than in heavy industries, and more easily in small business than in giant firms.It is also clear that the new Russian economy can not be stabilized without rebuilding heavy industry.Of course the most important issue is how to establish new economic calculation systems including new banking system and new principle on money supply. However non the less important is the problem how to reorganize worker's motivation to their jobs. We tried to understand Russian workers' reality toward their jobs now and possibility to shape in future new efficient teams in work shops.For Japanese Far-Eastern Russia has an increasingly large importance. Japanese and Russian in Far-East joint research team prepared through discussion 78 item's questionnaire. They were printed in Japan and sent to Khabarovsk. 4 shops in Energomashi, 4 shops in Renmashi, 4 shops in Shveinaya Fabrika "Vostok" and in addition Restaurant Sapporo were selected as research objects.Russian interviewers gained access to workers in work time on shop floors and after 20 or 30 minutes interview in each they got 750 persons' answers from four objects.Four members from the Japanese side team already presented papers concerning a part of this research in 1993 NationalConvention of AAASS held in Honolulu. But whole content of this research is not yet published. Reports from Russian side will publish until coming summer and Japanese side of them within this year.