Observations with Infrared Space Observatory (ISO)

欧洲航天局（ESA）将于1995年秋季发射的红外空间天文台（ISO）是第一个真正意义上的空间天文台，在红外波段运行。由于ISO是完全冷却的，使用ISO进行观测不仅不会受到地球大气层的吸收，而且也不会受到背景的热辐射，因此与地面观测相比，红外线的灵敏度可以大大提高。该国际科学研究计划的目的是利用高效的ISO卫星阐明原始星系的形成和恒星在形成阶段的演化以及最新阶段的演化。由于在原始星系和原恒星形成的剧烈过程中以及在恒星演化的最后阶段形成的尘埃可能会发出强烈的红外辐射，红外辐射是澄清宇宙中这种剧烈现象的最佳探测器。我们在ISO的保证时间观测中提出了上述三个主要领域的观测计划。为了按照我们的预期进行这些观测，首先需要优化我们建议的观测参数，其次需要准备数据整理和分析。为了第一个目的，7名成员访问了欧空局的ESTEC，以分析我们的观测方案的可行性，并将最终的观测参数输入ISO卫星的使命数据库。这是与ISO确定观察结果细节的重要步骤，这些成员的访问已经很好地清除了这一步骤。为了第二个目的，两名成员访问了欧洲航天技术中心，讨论了国际标准化组织使命各阶段数据分析的细节以及与国际标准化组织在观测方面进行国际合作有关的其他问题。

Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) to be launched by European Space Agency (ESA) in autumn 1995 is the first true astronomical observatory in space, operated at infrared wavelengths. Since ISO is fully cooled and observations with ISO will be free not only from absorption of the Earth's atmosphere but from the thermal emission of the background, the sensitivity in the infrared can be much increased as compared with observations from the ground. The purpose of this International Scientific Research Program is to clarify the formation of the primavel galaxies and stellar evolution in the formation phase sa well as in the latest stage with the use of highly efficient ISO satellite. As intense infrared radiation may be emitted by the dusts formed during the violent processes in the formation of primavel galaxies as well as of proto-stars and in the latest stage of stellar evolution, infared radiation is the best probe to clarify such violent phenomena in the Universe. We are proposing observational programs in three major fields noted above in the ISO's GURANTEED TIME observations.For these observations to be carried out as we expected, it is necessary first to optimize the observational parameters of our proposals and second to prepare for data reduction and analysis. For the first purpose, 7 members visited ESTEC of ESA to analyze the feasibility of our observing programs and to input the final observing parameters in the mission database of the ISO satelite. This is the important step to fix the details of observations with ISO and this step has been well cleared by the visits of these members. For the second purpose, 2 members visited ESTEC to discuss the details of data analysis at various stages of the ISO mission and other problems related to the international collaboration in observations with ISO.