Control of Dye Accessibility by High-Energy Treatment

高分子基板的高能处理，如紫外光照射、电子束照射、低温等离子体处理、溅射刻蚀处理等，已经作为修饰医用高分子表面特性的实用技术得到了广泛的应用。在纺织加工领域，由于难以连续处理大型和广泛的纺织基材，这些处理方法仍在研究中。在本研究中，研究了这些高能处理在纺织品染色过程中的应用。通过高能处理的表面改性可以预期改变聚合物基材的可染性，因此，如果可以将图案处理应用于纺织品基材，则可以通过随后的简单耗尽染色获得图案染色。从与英国利兹大学合作项目的研究结果来看，我们已经取得了良好的结果，即高能处理可以实际应用于由简单的耗尽染色获得图案染料。高能处理可使织物表面氧化，并改变织物的可染性。高能处理改变染料可染性的机理可以归结为改性底物表面特性引起染料与被处理底物之间亲合力的改变。在几乎所有的纺织基材上都可以发现不同处理对染料可染性的影响。因此，高能处理技术不仅适用于天然纤维织物的图案染色，也适用于合成纤维织物的图案染色。本研究可为染料工业开发新技术提供有价值的信息。

High energy treatments of polymer substrate such as ultraviolet light irradiation, electron beam irradiation, low temperature plasma treatment, sputter etching treatment, etc.have been widely applied as practical techniques to modify the surface characteristics of the medical polymers. In the field of textile processing, these treatments have still been under investigation because of the difficulties in continuous processing large and wide textile substrates.In this study, applications of these high energy treatments to the dyeing process of the textiles have been investigated. The surface modification by the high energy treatments could be expected to alter the dyeability of the polymer substrates, and hence, if one could apply the patterned treatments on the textile substrates, patterned dyeings could be obtained by the subsequent simple exhaustion dyeing.From the results of the study of the cooperative project with University of Leeds in United Kingdom, we have obtained favorable results that the high energy treatments can be practically applicable to obtain patterned dyeings by the simple exhaustion dyeing. High energy treatments on the textile substrates have been found to oxidize the surface of the textile substrates and to alter the dyeability. The mechanisms of the alternation of the dyeability by the high energy treatments could be attributed to the alternation of the affinity between the dyes and the treated substrates that were brought about by the modified surface characteristics of the substrates.The alternation of the dyeability by the treatments could be found in almost all kinds of textile substrates. The technology of the high energy treatments, therefore, could be concluded to be applicable to obtain patterned dyeing not only of textiles of natural fibers but also of that of synthesized fibers.This research could be expected to provide valuable information to develop a new technology for dyeing industries.