Changing environments related to dry climate of the Last Glacial in and around Japan

1.根据扇的形态特征和分布、现有河床沉积物与阶地沉积物的对比、河流剖面的变化以及山坡谷过程的变化，分析了河流流量和气候的变化。为了这个目的，研究了日本中部的河流、欧胡山脉和日高山脉。通过对东北地区南部封闭盆地沉积物的花粉分析和粒度分布分析，探讨了坡面植被的变化及其对地形地貌过程的响应。此外，还研究了末次盛冰期干旱和全新世湿润趋势的生物地理学方法。在Kinki和其他地区对动物化石组合进行了分析。研究了东亚到东南亚的冰川地貌，如喜马拉雅山、中国和婆罗洲。在日本，Hidaka Rage在详细的冰川年代学方面取得了重要的成果，更多的是基于冰川地貌和沉积物。3 .采用立体摄影分析方法重建了末次冰期Hidaka山脉的降水量、冰川平衡线高度和冰川分布。对北海道北部的冰缘环境进行了研究，描述了大量的冰楔铸型，并讨论了形成冰楔的古环境。冰川周围研究的其他地区包括日本中部的山脉。这些结果将表明可能需要重新评价日本冰周环境的垂直分带。对北海道和九州主要地点的风沙（黄土）进行了研究，计算了其通量。中国也开始了对黄土的调查。通过岩心和取自日本海的^<14>C样品分析了详细的海洋环境。结果表明，末次冰期最冷时期黄土沉积量较大。此外，还分析了鄂霍次克海冰与北海道冬季气温变化的关系。利用大气环流模式（AGCM）对末次冰期东亚地区冬季气温和雪量进行了分析。少

1.Changes of river discharge and climate were analyzed, on the basis of morphometric characteristics and distribution of fans, comparison of present river bed deposits and river terrace deposits, changes of river profiles and changes of processes on mountain slopes-valleys. Rivers in central Japan, Ohu Mountains, and Hidaka Range were studied for this purpose.2.Vegetation changes on slopes and their responses to landform and geomorphic processes were discussed on the basis of pollen analysis and size distribution analysis of deposits in closed basins in the southern part of Tohoku District. Also, biogeographical approaches to dryness in the Last Glacial maximum and to wetting trend in the Holocene were studied. Fossilized animal assemblages were analyzed in the Kinki and other districts.3.Glacial Iandforms were studied in East to Southeast Asia, such as in the Himalaya, China, and Borneo. In Japan, important results were obtained in the Hidaka Rage concerning the detailed glacial chron … More ology based on glacial landforms and deposits. A stereo photogramtric analysis was employed in attempting to reconstruct the amount of precipitation, altitudes of equilibrium lines of glaciers, and distribution of glaciers in the Last Glacial in the Hidaka Range.4.Studies on periglacial environments were conducted in northern Hokkaido with description of numerous numbers of ice wedge casts and with discussion of palaeoenvironments to form ice wedges. Other areas for periglacial studies include mountains in central Japan. These results will demonstrate possible needs for re-evaluation of the vertical zonation of periglacial environments in Japan.5.Wind-blown sand (loess) was studied in major sites on Hokkaido and Kyushu to calculate its flux. Investigation of loess was also initiated in China.6.Detailed oceanic environments were analyzed by cores and ^<14>C samples taken from Japan Sea. The results based on the quantitative data sets revealed that the great amount of loess deposited in the coldest period during the Last Glacial. In addition, analyzed were relationships between sea ice in the Okhotsk and air temperature changes in winter time in Hokkaido.7.Winter air temperature and snow amount of East Asia in the Last Glacial were examined by AGCM (Atmospheric General Circulation Model). Less