Irradiation Effects of Fusion Reactor Matenals under Dynamic and Variable/Complex Conditions

在核聚变工况下，温度循环等不同辐照条件对组件性能变化的影响将是一个严重的问题，在核聚变工况下，发电将发生可控的和意外的变化。这些辐照效应引起的材料性能退化已被公认为辐照效应研究的重要课题，但由于辐照实验的困难，其具体现象尚未得到阐明。近年来，中子辐照条件下这些退化类型的预测被认为是聚变反应堆设计的重要参数。研究了核聚变反应堆结构材料和功能材料在运行过程中的损伤过程。动力学现象只在辐照时发生，材料性质在辐照条件下发生变化，这些变化与反应堆的稳态和非稳态运行相对应，并对包括核嬗变在内的更多因素和复杂条件进行了研究。为了研究除累积效应外的动态效应，实验测试矩阵的参数变得巨大。因此，在有限的辐照量下，通过精心策划的辐照实验，获得关键信息，需要进行机理认识和理论预测。具体而言，为有效组织辐照实验，确立了以下七个任务：测试矩阵侧重于低活化结构材料和功能材料，包括绝缘陶瓷和耐火合金。(1)低活化铁素体钢的辐照蠕变测量及力学性能检验。(2)复合/复杂条件下辐照对钒合金力学性能和微观组织演化的影响；(3)陶瓷电导率/导热系数的原位测量；(4)陶瓷和金属/陶瓷接头的力学性能；(5)高通量辐照下温度变化对微观组织演化和力学性能的影响；(6)复杂辐照条件下的嬗变效应；(7)建模与理论研究。最后，对研究的网络活动以及裂变和聚变中子辐照研究的数据相关性进行了全面讨论。少

The influence of varying irradiation conditions like temperature cycle on the property change will be serious problem for the components under the fusion operating conditions, where the controlled and accidental variation of power generation will take place. Degradation of material performance by these irradiation effects have been recognized as important subjects of irradiation effects on materials but the detail of phenomena have not been clarified yet because of their difficulties of irradiation experiments. Recently prediction of these types of degradation during neutron irradiation conditions are recognized as important design parameter of fusion reactors.The objective of this work is characterization of damage process during reactor operation for structural and functional materials of fusion reactor. Dynamic phenomenon only in irradiation and the material property changes in the irradiation conditions, which are varied corresponding to the steady and unsteady operation of the rea … More ctor and complex condition including the nuclear transmutation are studied. In order to study the dynamic effect in addition to the cumulative effects, the experimental test matrix becomes huge in parameters. Therefore, mechanistic understanding and theoretical predictions are required to obtain key information through well-planned irradiation experiment with limited amount of irradiation volume.In concretely, the following seven tasks were set up to organize irradiation experiment effectively. Test matrix focuses on low activation structural materials and functional materials including insulating ceramics and refractory alloys. (1) Irradiation creep measurement and mechanical property examination of low activation ferritic steels. (2) Irradiation effects on mechanical properties and micro structural evolution of vanadium alloys under combined/complex conditions, (3) In-situ measurements of electrical/thermal conductivity of ceramics, (4) mechanical properties of ceramics and metal/ceramics joints, (5) Varying temperature effect on microstructural evolution and mechanical properties under irradiation to high fluences, (6) Transmutation effect under complex irradiation conditions, (7) Modeling and theoretical studies. Finally, overall discussion was carried out on network activities of the research, and data correlation between fission and fusion neutron irradiation studies. Less