Basic Research on the Business Documants of the 18th Centuty

(1)首席调查员（FUKASAWA,Katsumi）利用保存在马赛商业档案馆（Archives de la Chambre de Commerce de Marseille）“fonds Roux”中的数百张汇票构建了一个数据库，并对这些数据进行了分析，成功地研究了18世纪法国与奥斯曼帝国之间的货币和资本流通机制，以及操纵这一机制的商业银行家的画像。(2)首席调查员还收集了17 -19世纪出版的商人手册和商业词典，如《Savary》、《Le Parfait negoant》；理查德，Le negoce d' amsterdam；纪尧明主编，《商业与航海词典》，并作了基本的书目研究。(3)另一调查员（NAKAMURA,Tadashi）为研究18世纪远东地区的商业技术和贸易活动，收集了荷兰东印度公司长崎办事处的账簿和其他有关“德岛贸易”的资料。(4)这些研究的第一个结果是从反映经济活动现实的商业文件而不是从政治或行政文件来调查国际银行和商业的机制。第二个结果是使欧洲、日本和亚洲的历史学家能够合作研究欧洲和亚洲之间的商业联系，以及全球商品和货币的流通。

(1) The Head Investigator (FUKASAWA,Katsumi) constructed a date base from hundreds of bills of exhange, conserved in the "fonds Roux" of the Archives de la Chambre de Commerce de Marseille, and analyzed these data to study successfully the mechnism of circulation of money and capital between France and the Ottoman Empire in the 18th century, as well as the prosopograpy of merchant-bankers manipulating this mechanism.(2) The Head Investigator also collected merchant's manuals and dictionaties of commerce which had been published in the 17th-19th centries, such as Savary, Le Parfait negociant ; Ricard, Le negoce d'Amsterdan ; Guillaumin (ed.), Dictionnaire du commerce et de la navigation, and made a basic bibliographical study.(3) The other Investigator (NAKAMURA,Tadashi) collected the account books of Dutch East India Company's office at Nagasaki, and other documents concerning the "Deshima trade", in order to study the commericial technics and trading activities in the Far East in the 18th century.(4) The first result of these studies is to have investigated the mechanism of international banking and commerce from business documents which reflect the reality of economic activities, and not from political or administrative documants. The second result is to have enabled historians of Europe, Japan and Asia to cooperate for a study of the commercial contact between Europe and Aisa, as well as of the worldwide circulation of merchandises and money.