CULTIVATION OF BROWN ROT FUNGI IN FOREST

为了发展软木基质栽培食用菌，进行了以下试验：（1）从杉平竹和松尾的野生蘑菇子实体中分离菌株，（2）通过同工酶分析对菌株进行分类，（3）通过生物反应器在液体培养基中大规模生产菌株，（4）在含有稻脑的杉木粉中的木质培养基培养，（5）腐烂木的化学分析和（6）子实体发生的环境条件分析。通过子实体提取物的酯酶同工酶分析，可以对菌株进行鉴定。采用生物反应器进行液体培养，实现了种子菌丝的大规模生产。实验表明，杉木平竹用杉木粉与稻脑混合，松尾子用杉木粉本身作为菌丝体生长的培养基是合适的。实验室条件下，杉平竹有子实体原基发生，但未长成子实体。另一方面，使用日志的培养实验表明，杉平竹菌丝体生长容易，但松尾菌丝体的生长受到木霉等污染的抑制。杉平竹子实体的形成在实验室中是无法实现的，但它最终实现时，日志，其中菌丝体完全扩展，被放置在杉平竹野生发生的杉林。目前，杉林的环境条件对杉平菇的形成至关重要，尤其是地表的水分、温度和光照。

In order to develope the edible mushroom cultivation with softwood medium, the following experiments were done ; (1) isolation of strains from wild mushroom fruit body of SUGI-HIRATAKE and MATSU-OZI, (2) classification of the strains by isozyme analysis, (3) larger scale production of strain in liquid medium by bio-reactor, (4) woody media cultivations in sugi wood powders containing rice brain, as well as branches, stumps or logs, (5) chemical analysis of the rot woods and (6) analysis of environmental condition on occurrence of fruit body.As the results, it was established that seven strains from respective mushroom species were isolated. Identification of strains was possible by esterase isozyme analysis of fruit body extractives. Larger scale production of seed hypha was completed by liquid culture using bi-oreactor. Experiments indicated that SUGI wood powders mixed with rice brain for SUGI-HIRATAKE and SUGI wood powders itself for MATSU-OZI were suitable as the media for the growth of mycelium. However formation of fruit body succeeded only for MATSU-OZI but unsuccessful for SUGI-HIRATAKE.In case of SUGI-HIRATAKE,primordia of fruit body occurred but did not grow to fruit body in the laboratory. On the other hand, the cultivation experiment using logs showed SUGI-HIRATAKE mycelium grow readily but growth of MATSU-OZI mycelium was inhibited by the contamination with Trichoderma etc. Fruit body formation of SUGI-HIRATAKE was unattainable in the laboratory but it attained at last when the logs, of which mycelium fully extended, were placed in the SUGI forest where wild SUGI-HIRATAKE occurred. Environment of SUGI forest was essential at present, especially moisture, temperature and irradiation at the ground surface for formation of SUGI-HIRATAKE mushroom.