Excavations at Büyükkale in Boğazköy-Hattuscha

在安全措施（2014-2015年）和西北脚（2018-2019年）的工作中，偶然发现了<s:1> y<e:1> kkale高原上以前未知的建筑层的第一个迹象，该地区在1906年至1966年期间进行了大面积的分阶段调查。申请人在2021年和2022年的系统工作证实了这一点。在战略上有利的城堡岩石的西北部和南部的大片地区，以及位于其上的赫梯皇家城堡，最终必须被认为是未知的。对这些特征的研究使得在铁器时代中期和晚期，特别是赫梯时期的已知建筑结构中增加这些特征成为可能。这样就有可能澄清关于赫梯宫殿结构和铁器时代晚期的部分纪念性大型建筑的基本未解之谜。这项工作是在赫梯时代的背景下进行的，该城市的时间和结构发展在最近几十年中已经完全重新设计。高原西北部迄今未知的赫梯建筑的澄清改变了上层法院与假定的国王私人建筑（E和F）之间联系的观点。与此同时，放射性碳定年法将首次使宫殿建筑群与城市其他部分的发展具有直接的功能和结构关系成为可能。到目前为止，Boğazköy的铁器时代定居点的结束时间和原因都不清楚。这一时期的建筑的意外发现不仅使我们能够按时间顺序确定这一重要的安纳托利亚中部文化历史发展的转折点，而且鉴于其明显的良好保存状态，可以得出关于放弃该定居点的原因的结论。就目前所知，这一时期的地层只能在意外发现的地区进行检查。通过精细地层发掘，将首次在城市的这一地区获得考古植物学和考古动物学材料，以分析社会经济基础，有可能得出赫梯时代和铁器时代整个b<s:1> ykkale的典型结论。

Chance finds during securing measures (2014-2015) and work on the north-western foot (2018-2019) have surprisingly yielded the first indications of previously unknown building layers on the Büyükkale Plateau, which was investigated in stages over a large area between 1906 and 1966. Systematic work by the applicant confirmed this in 2021 and 2022. Larger areas in the northwest and south of the strategically favourable castle rock and the Hittite royal castle lying on it must ultimately be considered unknown. The investigation of these features makes it possible to add to the known building structure both in the Middle and Late Iron Age and especially in the Hittite period. It will thus be possible to clarify essential unanswered questions concerning the structure of the Hittite palace and the partly monumental, large-scale buildings of the Late Iron Age. The work is being carried out with regard to the Hittite epoch against the background of the chronological and structural development of the city, which has been completely reworked in recent decades. The clarification of hitherto unknown Hittite buildings in the northwest of the plateau changes the view of the connection between the upper court and the postulated private buildings of the kings (E and F). At the same time, radiocarbon dating will make it possible for the first time to place the palace complex in a direct functional and structural relationship to the development of the rest of the city. So far, the end of Iron Age settlement in Boğazköy is as chronologically unclear as the reasons for it. The unexpected discovery of structures of this period not only allows a chronological determination of this important caesura for the cultural-historical development of Central Anatolia, but, in view of the apparently good state of preservation, allows conclusions to be drawn about the reasons for the abandonment of the settlement. As far as is known, layers of this period can only be examined in the unexpectedly discovered area. Through fine-stratigraphic excavations, during which archaeobotanical and archaeo-zoological material will be obtained for the first time in this area of the city to analyse the socio-economic foundations, it is possible to draw exemplary conclusions for the whole of Büyükkale in Hittite times and in the Iron Age.