Observations of Polar Aerosols at Alaksa and Spitsbergen : Its influence on the global environmental change

本项目的主要目的是研究北极地区的极地平流层云。通过这两年的研究，我们得到了以下结果：1)观测了1995/1996年和1996/1997年两个冬季斯匹次卑尔根岛上空PSCs的垂直剖面图；2)观测了阿拉斯加费尔班克斯上空臭氧的垂直剖面图。3) 1995年4月至1997年3月2年期间，利用激光雷达对费尔班克斯上空的气溶胶剖面进行了观测。7.4)气溶胶在近地面直接采样，与PSCs观测同期。通过化学分析得到了气溶胶的组成。结果表明：5)北极PSC中存在较大尺寸的液态PSC颗粒。当环境温度降至冰的冰点附近时，这些PSCs特别形成。据报道，1995/1996年冬季，北极上空的平流层臭氧基本耗尽。PSC粒子上的均相反应被认为是造成臭氧损失的主要过程。5)中提到的液体颗粒在这一过程中起着重要作用。激光雷达观测数据将为研究非均质过程提供宝贵的数据集。

The main purpose of this project is the research of the polar stratospheric clouds over Arctic region. We have obtained the following results by the research of the two years : 1) The vertical profiles of PSCs over spitsbergen were observed in the two winter seasons on 1995/1996 and 1996/1997.2) The vertical profiles of ozone over Fairbanks, Alaska were observed in the same winter seasons. 3) The aerosol profiles over Fairbanks were observed by lidar in two years between April 1995 and March 1997.4) The aerosols were directly sampled near the ground level in the same period of the observations of PSCs. The components of the aerosols were obtained by the Chemical analysis. The followings have been found by the results above : 5) The large size liquid PSC particles are often found in the Arctic PSCs. 6) Those PSCs are specially formed when the ambient temperature is dropped near the frost point of ice.It is reported that the stratospheric ozone was largely depleted over Arctic in the winter 1995/1996. The homogeneous reaction over the PSC particle are thought as the main process that causes the ozone loss. The liquid particles mentioned in 5) would playd major roll in the process. The lidar observed data will geve us precious data set to study the heterogeneous process.