Observations with Infrared Space Observatory (ISO).

红外空间天文台（ISO）于1995年11月由欧洲航天局（ESA）发射升空，是世界上第一个真正的太空天文台，在红外波段运行。本国际科学研究计划的目的是利用这颗高效的ISO卫星进行红外观测，弄清原始星系的形成和形成阶段以及最后阶段的恒星演化，我们沿着提出了许多建议，其中一部分已经完成。主要结果如下：1.对原始星系的多波长深测是非常成功的，获得了数十个候选星系。利用精细结构谱线对光解区的光谱作图表明，重原子和重离子的分布与氢的分布不同。沿着红巨星分支进行的系统光谱观测，发现了M型巨星晚期和米拉变星的光粒上方的温暖分子包层。该包层对于理解恒星演化后期的质量损失现象具有重要意义。对麦哲伦星云中球状星团的系统性多波段光度测量导致了红外恒星的发现，这些恒星被认为经历了严重的质量损失。这些恒星将被用来检验当前的进化论。

Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) launched in Nov.1995 by the European Space Agency (ESA) is the world's first true astronomical observatory in space, operated at infrared wavelengths. The purpose of the present International Scientific Research Program is to clarify the formation of the primavel galaxies and stellar evolution in the formation phase as well as in the latest stage, by the infrared observations with the use of this highly efficient ISO satellite.We have proposed many proposals along with our purposes above and a part of them have been already completed. The main results so far obtained are :1. Multi-wavelength deep survey for primavel galaxies was very successful and tens of such candidated were observed,2. Spectral mapping of the photodissociation regions by the fine structure lines showed that the distribution of heavy atoms and ions is different from that of hydrogen,3. Systematic spectral observations along red giant branch leads the discovery of warm molecular envelope above the photospere in late M giants and Mira variables. This envelope could play an significant role in understanding the mass loss phenomenona in the late stage of stellar evolution,4. Systematic multi-band photometries of the globlar clusters in the Magellanic Clouds resulted in the discovery of infrared stars which is thought to experience heavy mass loss. These stars will be used to test the current evolution theory.