A Comparative Study on the Nurses' Role between Japan and the United States for the Improvement of Clients' Quality of Life

医学技术的迅猛发展使复杂的医疗成为可能，也提高了人们对护理的期望。作者致力于利用这项关于“舒适”的研究来提高那些在接受先进医疗的环境中生活的患者或那些在家中使用医疗器械的患者的生活质量（QOL）。以下是我们1996年度业绩的中期摘要。舒适的定义：舒适是指护理实践，它从三个方面帮助病人：1）帮助病人从axiety.2）感到轻松。3）提高生活质量。“舒适”是一种护理实践，以帮助病人，然而，护理实践的研究深度是在不同学科的方法论的差异。调查进展截至1996年7月，日美调查的96项内容已得到确认。测定了含量， ...更多信息 以便在考虑日本和美国文化差异的同时，以相同的观点进行调查。实施后，我们获得了受试医院和受试患者的同意。我们还事先召开了面试官会议，并在有需要的时候在研究所举行了面试方法的说明会。调查结果：在美国，受试者是158名使用医院、家庭医生、诊所和医生办公室的患者。日本的受试者是288名患者，他们使用分布在都道府县的6家综合医院（综合）。调查仍在继续，因此这是中期报告的摘要。结果显示，两国受试者对生命支持相关项目的兴趣较高，且已实施相关护理。然而，尽管病人的兴趣很高，但病人的生活环境当时还没有引起注意。两个国家之间的差异被认为是接触和表达的方法。这些与文化背景的关系将是未来的任务，但很明显，舒适与基本需求的满足（充足）密切相关。少

A dramatic development of medical technology made complicated medical treatment possible, and such a development heightens expectation for nursing among people concerned. Authers have tackled to make use of this research of 'COMFORT' to raise the quality of life (QOL) of those patients who spend life in the environment in which they take advanced medical treatment or ones who put medical instruments on while live in home. Following is interim summary of our achievement in fiscal 1996.1. Definition of Comfort.Comfort is defined as nursing practice which helps patient in three ways.Help patient 1) to releave from axiety.2) to feel easy.3) to heighten QOL.The 'comfort' is a nursing practice to help patient, however, depth of research of the nursing practice is in the difference in methodology to perform among different subjects.2. Progress of the InvestigationNinety-six items of content of the investigation in Japan and the US had been confirmed by July 1996. The content was determined, s … More o that the investigation will be done with the same view point while considering cultural difference between Japan and the US.Upon implementation, we obtained agreement of subject hospitals and subject patients of investigation. We also held meetings for interviewers beforehand and held orientations about methods of interview at institutes when they required.3. Results of the Investigation.Subjects in the US are one hundred fifty-eight patients who use hospitals, home doctors, clinics, and doctor offices. Subjects in Japan are two hundreds eighty-eight patients who use six polyclinic (general) hospitals which spread over prefectures. The investigation still continues, so this is a summary for the interim report. The result indicates that these subjects from both countries are highly interested in items which are related to life-support and the nursing care has already been performed. However, in spite of high interest by patients, the living environment of the patients by then hasn't made a point. The differences between two countries are thought to be methods for make contact and for expression. How these are related to cultural background will be a future assignment, but it is clear that comfort is deeply related to fulfilllment (sufficiency) of basic needs. Less