A study of facilities for women in need of protection in large urban areas : an investigation into actual services of facilities and understanding care-taking from the care workers viewpoints

我们从1995年到1997年进行的研究的目的是了解大型城市地区需要保护的妇女的设施和庇护所的实际服务，并从护理人员的角度寻找如何改善这些设施。在这项研究中，我们通过问卷调查和访谈的方式进行调查，并收集需要保护的妇女的案例研究，以了解各种问题，问题和可能性。其中包括我们研究发现的事实，根据调查问卷的回答，这些设施的70%以上的使用者与现代日本各种形式的卖淫所造成的问题有关。“恐惧”是使用设施的另一个重要因素。下列情况相当明显：需要紧急保护的母亲和儿童；患有精神疾病或有精神障碍的人；还有那些严重残疾，需要特别照顾和专业帮助的人。严重孤独的案例也很明显。通过案例分析，提出了“恐惧”的概念、老龄化社会的制度和设施问题、艾滋病患者的身心护理问题以及现行法律和制度方面的问题。这些问题需要重新审视和解决。通过访谈，我们发现，目前关于保护妇女的情况是妇女社会地位正常化和家庭定义变化的消极迹象。我们还提出了一些具体的改进建议：例如扩大和改进咨询系统，确保设施符合需要，包括为妇女和儿童提供临时住所。此外，应将新的重点放在预防、咨询和仲裁上。

The purpose of the reserch we conducted from 1995 to 1997 was to comprehend the actual services of the facilities and shelters for woman in need of protection in largee urban areas, and also to search for how to improve these facilities through the eyes of the care workers.In this research we conducted surveys by questionnaires and interviews, and also collected case studies of women in need of protection to understand various issues, problems and possibilities.Included are the facts we discovered as a result of our research is that, according to questionnaire responses, over seventy percent of the users of the facilities are connected to issues which result from various forms of prostitution in modern Japan. "Fear" is another important factor in facility use.The following cases are quite noticeable : mother and children who have need of emergency protection ; people who suffer from mental problems or mental handicaps ; and people who are severely handicapped and need special attention and professional assistance. Also cases of severe loneliness are evident.Through the case studies, the concept of 'fear', the problems of systems and facilities in the aging society, the problems cncerning the physical and mental care to people with AIDS,and the problems in regard to the existing laws and systems emerged. These issues need to be re-examined and solved.Through the interviews we found that the present situation concerning the protection of women is a negative sign of normalization in regard to both the social position of women and the changing definitions of families.We also included some concrete proposals for improvements : such as expansion and improvement of counseling systems and ensuring facilities match needs, including temporary shelters for women and children. Additionally, a new focus should be made on prevention, counseling and arbitration.