Statistical and Analysis of Japanese Special Classes focusing on the condition and curriculum

普通学校的特殊班、专业分班和特殊学校提供各种特殊服务，包括为普通班入学的残疾学生提供教学支持资源、为特殊班提供戒断治疗、为特殊班学生提供独立课程。特殊班级一直面临着各种各样的教育困难。本课题旨在明确特殊班级的现状，并围绕特殊班级的条件和课程来分析特殊班级的特点。首先，根据教育部全国学校基础调查的数据，从地级市政府之间的差异等多个角度分析特殊班级的现状和状况。其次，在数据分析的基础上，在全国范围内进行调查，考察智障和情绪障碍特殊班级的情况，明确言语障碍特殊班级的变化情况，并调查地方政府的教育政策与特殊班级的未来发展方向。结果表明：1)智力障碍与情绪障碍的特殊分类虽然不同，但存在相似性；情绪障碍专修班招收的学生多为智力障碍学生，该专修班起到了重度残疾学生专修班的作用。大多数特班教师在教学实践和课堂管理中遇到了困难。2)语言障碍专修班的情况正在向兼职专修班转变。更多的课程是兼职课程。特殊班级教师的角色在转变，为提供兼职服务，需要在职培训来提升他们的专业技能。(3)从地级市有关特殊阶层的特殊教育政策信息来看，地级市政府之间存在诸多差异，政策制定者需要国家政府的财政支持来改善特殊阶层的状况。每项调查都指出了残疾的多样性和严重性方面的困难。此外，在分析全国调查的同时，还进行了专题班实践观察。在观察的基础上，从课程、教与学过程和师生互动的角度审视了这些项目和实践。针对特殊班级的现状，对未来适合的特殊教育体制进行了探讨。少

Special Classes in regular schools, major placement as well as special schools, provide various special services, including to provide teaching support resources for regular classes enrolled students with disability, withdrawal treatments in special classes, and independent curricular for students in special classes. Special classes have been facing various kinds of educational difficulties. This project aimed to clarify the situation of special classes and analyze these characters focusing on the condition and curriculum.Firstly, from the data of National School Fundamental Survey by Ministry of Education, situation and condition of special classes were analyzed from various points of view, such as differentials among prefecture governments.Secondly, Based on the data analysis, national surveys were conducted in this project to examine the situation of special classes for intellectual disability and emotional disturbance, to clarify changing situation of special classes for speech dis … More orders, and to investigate educational policies of prefectural governments in relation to future direction of special classes. Findings were as follows,1) There is a similarity between special classes for intellectual disability and emotional disturbance in spite of the different category of disability. Most of students enrolled in special classes for emotional disturbance have intellectual disability, and the classes fulfill a role of the class for the severely disabilities. Most of special class teachers feel into difficulties with educational practices and class-room management.2) The situation of special classes for speech disorders have been changing toward part-time special classes. The greater number of the classes are part-time class. Changing the role for provide services of part-time settings, special class teachers are needing the in-service program for promoting their skills as a specialist.3) From the information of prefecture special educational policies concerning the special classes, It is clearly that there are many discrepancies among prefecture governments arid policy makers needs to financial supports form the national government to improve the condition of special classes.Each of the Surveys points out the difficulties of practices on the diversity and severity of disabilities. In addition, while analyzing the national surveys, observation of practices in special classes has been also conducted.Based on the observation, the programs and practices were examined form the view points of curriculum, teaching-learning processes and teacher-students interactions.Some issues regarding the present conditions of special classes are discussed toward the future appropriate special education system. Less