Production of usefull agriculture traits by somatic cell hybrid of rice and leguminous plants

对禾本科植物水稻与豆科植物大豆、紫花苜蓿和百脉根之间的科间和属间体细胞杂交的所有组合进行了研究。结果表明：（1）在冬季绿色温室中，水稻和苜蓿杂种愈伤组织的部分再生植株在低光照和低温（20 ℃）条件下表现出深绿色的叶片和旺盛的生长;（2）在苜蓿和苜蓿的体细胞杂种细胞中，观察到苜蓿rDNA片段的缺失和苜蓿rDNA片段的增加。3.在苜蓿与百脉根的不对称体细胞杂种中，叶绿体基因组的Southern印迹分析表明，在所研究的所有愈伤组织中，双亲的任何一个基因组都被分离出来; 4.在大豆与苜蓿的体细胞杂种中，同工酶分析表明，大豆的一条染色体被苜蓿染色体所取代，而杂种的大部分染色体是大豆的染色体。5.在水稻与百脉根体细胞杂种中，获得的单株植物是具有许多芽和花的Birdsfoot三叶草型。该植物类型可用于坡地的防蚀和美化。

All combinations of the interfamilial and intergeneric somatic cell hybridizations between a gramineous species, rice and three leguminous species, soybean, alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil were examined. The results are the following :1.Some regenerated plants from the hybrid calli of rice and birdsfoot trefoil displayd deep green leaves and vigorous growth under low sunlight intensity and low temperatures (20ﾟC) in a green house in the winter season.2.In the Southern blots analysis, the deletion of one rDNA fragment of birdsfoot trefoil and the addition of one fragment of alfalfa were observed in the somatic hybrid cell of birdsfoot trefoil and alfalfa. This result show that the intergeneric translocation may have occurred between the chromosomes of somatic hybrids.3.In the asymmetric somatic hybrids between alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil, Southern blot analyzes of the chloroplast genomes indicated that either genome of both parents sorted out in all calli investigated.4.In the somatic cell hybrids between soybean and alfalfa, isozyme analyzes suggested that a single soybean chromosome was replaced with a alfalfa chromosome, while most of the chromosomes were those of soybean in the hybrid calli.5.In the somatic cell hybrids between rice and birdsfoot trefoil, a single plant obtained was birdsfoot trefoil type with numerous shoots and flowers. This plant type may be usable for the sloping land for controlling erosion and beautification.