Search for Leads of Drugs from Stress Compounds Induced in Plants

植物组织中诱导产生的逆境化合物可作为新型药物的潜在来源。从作物和药用植物的胁迫组织中提取的植物提取物的生物测定定向分级分离导致不同类型的抗真菌胁迫化合物的分离。农作物：Nelumbo nicifera产生两种倍半萜。魔芋含有两个木脂素类化合物。香芋（Colocasia esculenta）得到2-甲基-3-哌啶醇衍生物。从苦碟子中分离得到3个4，-苯乙酮类化合物。药用植物苦木（Picrasma quassioides）可产生canthin-6-one和methylnigakinone。臭椿产生了烛素-6-酮及其N-氧化物。北沙参给peglycen，xanthotoxin，和bergapten作为胁迫化合物。尖叶当归也提供这些呋喃香豆素。这些呋喃香豆素类化合物已被报道为药材北沙参的药用成分。时程研究表明，这些都是诱导应力处理后的根组织。因此，在原料药中报告的呋喃香豆素类化合物似乎是由损伤或原料加工过程中缓慢干燥引起的应激代谢产物。目前的发现表明，一些报道的成分，其他原料药可能是应激代谢产物在其加工过程中产生的。我们的实验室正在从这个角度对其他原料药进行研究。

Stress compounds induced in plant tissues could be regarded as a potential source for new types of drugs. Bioassay-directed fractionation of plant extracts from stressed tissues of crops and medicinal plants resulted in the isolation of different types of antifungal stress compounds. Crops : Nelumbo nicifera gave two sesquiterpenoids. Amorphophalus konjac gave two lignans. Colocasia esculenta gave a 2-methyl-3-piperidinol derivative. Polymnia sonchifolia gave three 4, -acetophenone-related compounds. Medicinal plants : Picrasma quassioides gave canthin-6-one and methylnigakinone. Ailanthus altissima gave canthin-6-one and its N-oxide. Glehnia littoralis gave psoralen, xanthotoxin, and bergapten as stress compounds. Angelica acutiloba also gave these furanocoumarins. These furanocoumarins have been reported as medicinal constituents of the crude drug Glehnia root. Time-course study revealed that these are induced after stress treatment of the root tissue. The reported furanocoumarins in the crude drug, therefore, seemed to be stress metabolites induced by injury or by slow drying during the processing of raw material. The present finding suggests that some reported constituents of other crude drugs could be stress metabolites produced during their processing. Examination of other crude drugs on this viewpoint is in progress in our laboratory.