The Study of Criminal Behavior for a Situational Perspective in Ecological Psychology

本研究的目的是运用生态心理学的方法来厘清犯罪与其情境因素之间的关系。这种方法试图在行为设定（BS）框架内观察人类行为与自然环境之间的关系。还有一种特定的行为模式（站立模式），人的行为组件与与之相对应的非人组件是同构的。缺乏这种同态会产生各种各样的自我调节过程。我们观察到车站和繁华城镇的自行车停放行为、自行车抢劫和拥挤行为。因此，我们可以指出如下：1。自行车停放区域整治的阶段发展：(1)自由；(2)缺乏同态性；(3)制定和执行法律；(4)功能不完善；(5)制定预防犯罪的方案。自行车停放功能不完善的特点是：自行车停放不规范对应的是环境和便利性的整合程度较低。用户的站立模式行为与自行车停放区域的形式之间的对应关系是非常重要的。繁华小镇拥挤青少年犯罪行为的发生，与进入午夜后监管制度的变化相对应。行人的违法行为与有序行为之间存在连续性，刺激符号的出现促使有序行人做出违法行为。繁华城镇的街角助长了更多的不良行为。通过假装站立的模式，犯罪行为变得更容易发生。然而，犯罪行为是同构的运气。只有在有良好的物理环境和用户和相关人员参与当地预防犯罪的情况下，BS才能成为一个积极的系统。

The purpose of this research is to clarify the relationship between crimes and thier situational factors, using an ecological psychological approach. This approach is trying to see the relationship between human behavior and the physic al environment within the behavior-setting (BS) framework. There are one more certain behavior patterns (standing pattern), and the people behaving components are synomorphic to the nonhuman components corresponding to them. A lack of this synomorphic produces various self-regulating processes.We observed the bicycles' parking behavior, bicycles robbery and thronging behavior in the station and the flourish town. As a result, we can point out as below :1.Stage developments of consolidation of the bicycles parking area : (1) freedom, (2) a lack of synomorphic, (3) making and executing a law, (4) an imperfect of function of (3), (5) making programs to prevent the crimes2.Characteristics of the imperfect of function of the bicycles parking are : The unregulated bicycles' parking corresponds to the low level of consolidation of environment and convenience. The correspondence between the standing pattern behavior of users and the form of the bicycles parking area is very imortant.3.The occurance of delinquent behavior of thronging teenagers in the flourish town corresponds to the change of the regulate system as the time pass into midnight. There is a continuity between delinquent and ordinal behaviors of pedestrians, and the appearance of exciting symbols make the ordinal pedestrians to do delinquent behaviors. Street corners in the flourish town induce more delinquent behaviors. Criminal behaviors become easier to be occured by pretending standing patterns. However, criminal behaviors is luck of synomorphic. BS works as an active system only if there is a good physical environment and a participation in a local prevention of crimes by the users and people related.