On the Mental Lexicon : At the Linguistic/Psycholinguistic Interface.

考虑到心理语言学/神经语言学的研究结果，本项目的目的是研究形态学过程中涉及的心理/神经机制。具体来说，我们在一项联合研究中检验了S.Pinker及其同事提出的屈折形态“双重机制模型”是否适用于衍生形态。该模型认为规则控制的规则过程和基于联想记忆/类比的不规则过程之间存在质的差异。我们进行了两个实验，一个是在正常成年人身上，另一个是在脑损伤患者身上，我们研究了两个日语名义后缀-sa和-mi之间的差异。第一个实验的结果表明-sa和-mi在对新词的适用性方面表现出不同的行为，-mi而不是-sa表现出“相似效应”，这表明规则和类比在衍生词法中都是有效的。结果表明，brca区病变患者对新词语的偏好-mi多于-sa，而其他区域病变患者对新词语的偏好模式不同，这表明规则和类比两种心理机制是由不同的神经机制支持的。这些发现对理论形态学和神经语言学都有重要意义：他们为形态学理论提供了一个新的视角，表明规则/类比的区分横切了屈折/派生的区分，并为语言和大脑研究提供了一个新的视角，证明了被认为参与“句法”过程的布洛卡区实际上负责“计算”过程，无论它们涉及短语/句子级单位还是形态/单词级单位。因此，我们的研究说明了两个领域的研究是如何相互受益的。到目前为止，我们的研究还没有充分考虑到现有的带有-sal/-mi的单词是如何被处理的，我们将继续通过一系列新的实验来研究这个问题。少

The aim of this project has been to investigate the mental/neurological mechanism involved in morphological processes, taking into consideration the results reported in psycholinguistic/neurolinguistic studies.Specifically, we examined in a joint research whether the "dual mechanism model", proposed by S.Pinker and his colleagues for inflectional morphology, is appropriate for derivational morphology. The model argues for qualitative diferences between rule-governed regular processes and associative memory/analogy-based irregular processes. We conducted two experiments, one on normal adults and the other on brain-damaged patients, where we examined differences between two Japanese nominal suffixes -sa and -mi. The result of the first experiment shows that -sa and -mi behave differently with respect to applicability to novel words and that -mi, but not -sa, exhibits the "similarity effect", demonstrating that both rule and analogy are operative in derivational morphology. Furthermore, p … More atients with a lesion in Broca's area preferred -mi over -sa on novel words while patients with a lesion in other areas exhibited a different preference pattern, which suggests that the two mental mechanisms (rule and analogy) are supported by different neurological mechanisms.These findings have significant implications both for theoretical morphology and neurolinguistics : they provide a new perspective to the theory of morphology in showing that the rule/analogy distinction crosscuts the inflection/derivation distinction, and to the study of language and brain in demonstrating that Broca's area, which is believed to be involved in "syntactic" processes, is in fact responsible for "computational" processes whether they involve phrasal/sentential-level units or morphological/word-level units. Thus our study illustrates how researches in the two fields can benefit from each other.Our study has so far not given enough considerastions on how existing words with -sal/-mi are processed, and we will continue working on this with a new series of experiments. Less