Estimation and Comparison of Trans-log Cost Function of Aviation Industry between Japan and Australia

我的完整研究报告总结如下。第一章论述了澳大利亚三航空公司政策的放松管制。可竞争市场理论模型为这种“放松管制”政策提供了理论支持。第二章试图从公共政策的角度探讨澳大利亚航空运输业的放松管制。本文讨论了澳洲航空公司和澳大利亚航空公司这两家联邦航空公司的效率和盈利能力。第三章对1985年日本航空业放松管制后规模经济问题的现有证据进行了回顾和实证检验。有人指出，在放松管制之前，日本航空业一直具有规模经济。对日本三大航空公司进行规模经济程度测试：日本航空公司（JAL）；全日空（ANA）；日本航空系统（JAS）结果表明，日本三大航空公司在成本结构上具有规模经济效应。第四章对日本航空业进行了跨对数型实证检验。它指出，日本航空业有自己的规模经济。本章使用超对数型成本函数考察了1985年12月放松管制后的成本变化情况。第五章讨论了日本和澳大利亚航空业生产率测量的方法和存在的问题。在本报告的主要部分（第4章）中，使用了超对数型成本函数估计。然而，在其他研究中，有时使用数据包络分析（DEA）和随机生产前沿方法。这些方法是介绍性的。

The summarize of my full research report is as follows. Chapter 1 discussed on the deregulation about the Australian three airlines policy. The theoretical support for such "deregulation" policy is provided by the model of contestable market theory. Chapter 2 tried to discuss the deregulation on the air transportation industry in Australia from the view of public policy. The efficiency and profitability of the two Commonwealth-owned carriers, Qantas and Australian Airlines, are discussed. Chapter 3 provides a review and empirically tests of the available evidence concerning the question of economies of scale following the deregulation of the Japanese airline industry in 1985. It has been pointed out that the Japanese airline industry has had the economies of scale until deregulation. The degree of scale economies is tested on the three Japanese major carriers, Japan Airlines (JAL) ; All Nippon Airways (ANA) ; Japan Air System (JAS). It is proved that the three air carriers in Japan have the scale economies in their cost structure. Chapter 4 gave a translog type empirical tests on the Japanese aviation industry. It has pointed that the Japanese aviation industry has its own economies of scale. This chapter examines how it has changed after the deregulation on December 1985 using translog type cost function. Chapter 5 discusses the method and problems of the productivity measurement of Japanese and Australian airline industry. In the main parts (chapter 4) of this report, the translog type cost function estimation is used. However, in the other researches the data envelopment analysis (DEA) and stochastic production frontier methods were sometimes used. These methods are introductory explained.