Biphasic Reaction by Palladium Catalyst

均相催化剂的一个严重问题是产品与催化剂的分离。自1984年丙烯两相加氢反应工业化以来，过渡金属配合物两相催化反应受到了广泛关注。本研究以Pd/水溶性膦或Pd/三苯基膦/相转移剂为催化剂，进行了羰基化和Heck反应。1烯丙基卤的羰基化反应在钯催化下，在醇-碳酸钾两相条件下，烯丙基卤常压羰基化得到β，2碘苯与炔丙醇的羰基化偶联碘苯与2-甲基-3-丁炔-2-酮的反应醇在NaOH水溶液中通过连续的羰基化、还原和环羰基化反应在一锅中得到丁烯二醇。它被澄清，两相反应是一个对比的均相。3乙烯的芳基化乙烯与芳基卤化物的膦改性钯催化剂的芳基化容易发生，以提供苯乙烯。用此方法合成了多种功能单体。

One serlous probelm of homogeneous catalyst is the separation of the product from the catalyst. Since the hydroformylation of propene under biphasic conditions was commercialized in 1984, two-phase catalysis by transition metal complexes attracts much attention. In the present study carbonylation and the Heck reaction were carried out using Pd/water-soluble phosphine or Pd/triphenylphosphine/phase transfer agent as the catalyst.1 Carbonylation of allylic halidesPalladium-catalyzed, atmospheric pressure carbonylation of allylic halides under alcohol-potassium carbonate two-phase conditions affords beta, gamma-unsaturated esters.2 Carbonylative coupling of iodobenzene and propargyl alcoholThe reaction of iodobenzene with 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol under aqueous NaOH affords a butenolide in one-pot by successive reactions of carbonylation, reduction, and cyclocarbonylation. It was clarified that the biphasic reaction is a contrast to the homogeneous one.3 Arylation of ethyleneThe arylation of ethylene with aryl halides by phosphine-modified palladium catalysts takes place readily to afford stirenes. A variety of functional monomers were synthesized by this methods.