VISUAL MECHANISM OF 3D ILLUSION

本研究的目的是从理论和实验上阐明产生三维视错觉的视觉加工过程。本学期，我对多重壁纸错觉即“主观楼梯”进行了实验研究，并对这种错觉提出了一种解释。从实验结果中得出如下结论：（1）当一个人双眼注视一张倾斜的纸，其上画有等间距的点时，会感知到一个明显的三维楼梯。(2)用数学的方法成功地描述了壁纸视阶的高度，从而描述了经典的壁纸错觉。(3)表观台阶的踏面也成功地描述了最近邻规则。(4)当刺激物与观察者的距离变化而近端刺激物不变时，产生错觉的刺激物倾斜的临界角是刺激物距离的函数，临界角随刺激物距离的增加而减小。(5)主观楼梯错觉是一种多重墙纸错觉。(6)最近邻规则和垂直双眼单视界倾斜成功地解释了这种错觉。

The aim of this research project was to elucidate the visual processing theoretically and experimentally which produces 3D visual illusion. In this term, I conducted experiments on the multiple wallpaper illusion, namely "subjective staircase", and proposed an explanation of the illusion. The conclusions derived from the results of the experiments were as follows :(1) when one fixates binocularly on an inclined sheet of paper upon which are drawn equally spaced dots, an apparent 3D staircse is perceived.(2) the height of apparent step was sucessfully described in terms of mathematics which describes the clssical wallpaper illusion.(3) the treads of apparent step were also successfully described in terms of the nearest-neighbor rule.(4) when the stimulus distance from an observer was varied while the proximal stimulus was constant, the critical angle of the stimulus inclination for the illusion was a function of the stimulus distance ; the critical angle decrease with an increase of the stimulus distance.(5) the subjective staircase illusion is a multiple wallpaper illusion.(6) the nearest-neighbor rule and the vertical horopter inclination explain successfully the illusion.