Behavioral and electorophysiological studies of the relationships between mastication and food taste.

众所周知，大鼠对口服味觉溶液的反应表现出摄食和/或厌恶行为（Grill和Norgren， 1978）。然而，口味对摄食行为的影响还没有得到很好的分析。在这项研究中，缺食的Wistar雄性大鼠测试了将粉状的食物与蒸馏水、1M蔗糖、0.02M糖精na、0.2M NaCl、20mM HCl、1mM或5mM奎宁HCl等液体中的一种混合而成的食物。行为学研究表明，与其他口味的食物相比，大鼠对含有5mM盐酸奎宁的食物的进食量更少，进食时间更长。当老鼠吃了含有奎宁的食物时，经常可以观察到一种令人厌恶的行为——张大嘴巴。肌电图记录了颞肌、咬肌和二腹肌的活动。与其他食品相比，奎宁掺假食品的爆发量较小。食用奎宁掺假食品的咀嚼周期比食用其他食品的咀嚼周期要快。最近的研究得出结论，当老鼠吃了含有奎宁味道的食物时，它们的饮食行为和咀嚼肌电图活动都发生了变化。

It is known that rats show the ingestive and/or aversive behaviors in response to intraorally administered taste solutions (Grill and Norgren, 1978). However, the effects of tastes on feeding behaviors are not well analyzed yet. In this study, food-deprived Wistar male rats test foods made up by mixing powdered chow with one of the liquids such as distillled water, 1M sucrose, 0.02M saccharin-Na, 0.2M NaCl, 20mM HCl, and 1mM or 5mM quinine-HCl. The behavioral study revealed that rats ate a smaller amount of food containing 5mM quinine-HCl with longer time than foods containing other tastes. Gaping, one of the aversive behaviors, was frequently observed when the rats ate food contaning quinine. In the EMG study, the activities of temporalis, masseter and digastric muscles were recorded. The magnitudes of burst discharges were smaller for quinine-adulterated food than for other foods. The masticatory cycle during eating quinine-adulterated food was faster than that for other foods. The resent study concludes that rats show altered eating behaviors, and masticatory EMG activities exclusively when they eat food with quinine taste.