The Etiology of Endolymphatic Hydrops-Role of Spiral Ligament and Endolymphatic Sac-

1)系统致敏豚鼠中耳膜接种锁眼帽贝血青素诱导迷路炎，并对内耳进行免疫染色。螺旋韧带、螺旋缘、螺旋磨牙静脉等血管IgG、白蛋白弥漫性阳性。螺旋韧带纤维细胞中连接蛋白26和na - k - atp酶的免疫反应性降低，但未引起内淋巴水肿。2)观察实验性中耳炎小鼠耳蜗的变化。所有动物在中耳腔内接种肺炎链球菌后均诱发中耳炎，部分动物耳蜗内出现炎性细胞。虽然其他变化，包括内淋巴积液，不明显，耳蜗显示纤维蛋白原免疫染色阳性。螺旋韧带中连接蛋白26免疫染色轻度降低，伴纤维蛋白原染色。3)切开豚鼠内淋巴囊，诱导内淋巴水肿，并进行免疫组织化学处理。螺旋韧带I型纤维细胞染色减少，波形蛋白和连接蛋白26阳性。然而，螺旋韧带细胞外基质的免疫染色显示，4-硫酸软骨素蛋白和II型胶原蛋白阳性，未见变化。由于螺旋韧带纤维细胞的改变并不总是观察到内淋巴积液，因此提示螺旋韧带不负责内淋巴积液的产生。然而，螺旋韧带似乎是导致耳蜗功能障碍的原因，纤维蛋白原或其他血液成分的免疫染色表明，迷路炎或中耳炎可能破坏螺旋韧带内的血-迷宫屏障。实验内淋巴积液对细胞外基质的持续染色表明，常规耳病理观察可能低估了螺旋韧带的变化。少

1)Labyrinthitis was induced by inoculation of keyhole limpet hemocyanin into the scala tympani of systemically sensitized guinea pigs, and inner ears were immunostained. Spiral ligament, spiral limbus, and blood vessels including the spiral modiolar vein were diffusely positive for IgG and albumin. Immunoreactivity for connexin 26 and Na-K-ATPase was decreased in the fibrocytes of the spiral ligament, however, endolymphatic hydrops was not induced.2)Changes in cochleas with experimental otitis media were investigated in mice. Otitis media was induced in all of the animals after the inoculation of Streptococcus pneumoniae into the middle ear cavity, and some of them showed inflammatory cells in the cochlea. Although other changes, including endolymphatic hydrops, were not obvious, cochleas showed positive immunostaining for fibrinogen. Immunostaining for connexin 26 was slightly decreased in the spiral ligament, accompanied by fibrinogen staining.3)Endolymphatic sacs of the guinea pigs … More were ablated to induce endolymphatic hydrops and processed for immunohistochemistry. Staining of type I fibrocytes in the spiral ligament, which are positive for vimentin and connexin 26, was decreased. However, immunostaining for extracellular matrix in the spiral ligament, which are positive for chondroitin 4-sulfate proteogly can and type II collagen, showed no changes.Because endolymphatic hydrops is not always obseved with the changes in the fibrocytes of the spiral ligament, it is suggested that the spiral ligament is not responsible for the production of endolymphatic hydrops. However, spiral ligament appears to be responsible for the cochlear malfunction, and immunostaining for fibrinogen or other blood constituents suggests that the blood-labyrinth barrier could disrupt in the spiral ligament by labyrinthitis or otitis media. The constant staining for the extracellular matrix with the experimental endolymphatic hydrops raises the possibility that changes in the spiral ligament has been underestimated by routine otopathologic observations. Less