Behavior Analysis of Sulfur in Environment by Means of Isotopic Measurement

为了区分环境中硫化物的来源并探讨其行为，对化石燃料燃烧产生的源硫和大气及悬浮颗粒物中的环境硫进行了同位素测定。结果表明，大气中的硫主要来源于石油类，悬浮颗粒物中的硫主要来源于煤。采集空气样品进行同位素测量需要约50天，每周需要添加一次吸收液。本课题研究了用活性炭纤维采集空气样品的新方法。空气中二氧化硫的收集效率接近100%.这种收集方法还能够缩短收集时间。采用红外光谱法对大气悬浮颗粒物中无机组分进行了简单定性分析。样品与碳和KBr混合并在分析前压制。几种主要的无机成分，硫酸盐，铵，硅酸盐等，可以进行分析。还测定了煤和石油中硒的含量，以帮助讨论硫的来源。煤比石油含有更多的硒。煤中硒的含量往往比硫多。

To discriminate the sources of sulfur compounds in environment and discuss their behavior, isotopic measurement was carried out for the source sulfur which is generated by burning of fossil fuels and environmental sulfur which is included in air and suspended particulate matter. The results shows that sulfur in air is attributed to petroleum and sulfur in suspended particulate matter is attributed to coals. To collect air sample for the isotopic measurement, it takes about 50 days and is required to add absorbing solution once a week. In this project the new method for the collection of air sample was investigated by using activated carbon fiber. Sulfur dioxide in air sample was collected almost : it the efficiency of lO0%. This collection method is also able to shorten the collecting time. Simple qualitative analysis of inorganic components of suspended particulate matter was investigated by infrared spectroscopy. Sample is mixed with carbon and KBr and pressed before analysis. Several main inorganic components, sulfate, ammonium, silicate etc., are possible to be analyzed. Selenium isalso determined for coals and petrolenium to help the discussion to discriminate the sulfur sources. Coals contain more selenium than petroleum. The content of selenium in coals often shows more quantities than sulfur.