ACTIVE CONTROL OF TRANSPORT PROCESSES IN MANUFACTURING OF MATERIALS

正如项目名称所示，该项目由6名研究人员进行，其中3名来自日本，2名来自以色列，1名来自拉脱维亚，旨在对先进材料制造过程中传输过程（即流动、传热和传质）的主动控制进行基础研究。由于研究课题涉及的领域非常广泛，我们主要关注熔体凝固制造材料的过程，并试图通过利用外力（如电磁力）控制流动、传热和传质来改进技术。在项目实施过程中，来自三个国家的六名研究人员分别负责自己的专业领域。日本研究人员对单晶和非晶合金制造过程中熔体的凝固进行了调查，同时研究了利用电磁力控制凝固过程。以色列研究人员用数值方法分析了单晶生长过程中容器内熔体流动的不稳定性。拉脱维亚科学家通过对熔体施加旋转磁场，对热和质量传递的主动控制进行了实验和分析。在这个项目的两年期间，日本调查人员访问了位于以色列海法的以色列理工学院和位于拉脱维亚里加的拉脱维亚科学家大学磁流体动力学研究所。以色列和拉脱维亚的科学家参观了各大学（东京农业技术大学、东京大学、东京大学等），考察了研究设施，并就如何推进该项目进行了讨论。

As indicated by the title of project, this project was cariied out by six researchers, i.e.three from Japan, two from Israel and one from Latvia, aiming at a fundamental study on the active control of transport processes (i.e., flow, heat and mass transfer) in manufacturing of advanced materials. Because the subject of reserch covers very broad area, we focussed attention mainly on the process of manufacturing of materials by solidification of melts and attempted to improve the techniques by controlling the flow, heat and mass transfer utilizing external forces such as an electromagnetic force.In implementation of the project, every one of the six researchers from three countries respectively took charge of one's own area of speciality. The Japanese researchers carried out an investigation into solidification of melts in manufacturing of single crystals and amorphous alloys, control of solidification processes using electromagnetic forces being stuied at the same time. The Israeli researchers analyzed numerically the onset of instability of the melt flow in a container during the growth of single crystal. The Latvian scientist performed experiments and analyzes on the active control of heat and mass transfer by applying a rotating magnetic field to the melt.During the two-year period of this project, the Japanese investigators visited Technion (Israel Institute of Technology) in Haifa, Israel and the Institute of Magnetohydrodynamics, University of Latvian scientists at Riga, Latvia. The Israeli and Latvian scientists visited universities (Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo University, etc.), inspected facilities for the research, and made discussion on how to promote this project.