Reserch on the Implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child and Local Municipalities

地方市政当局在执行和传播《儿童权利公约》方面发挥着巨大的作用，并在这一级采取了各种主动行动。现阶段，工作重心已开始从单纯的宣传教育转向保障儿童权利的制度建设。执行联合国儿童权利委员会于1998年6月通过的对日本的结论性意见，也是地方市政当局在执行《公约》时的优先事项。在儿童权利补救方面，值得注意的是，河西市制定了《儿童人权监察员地方条例》。监察员的任务是为侵犯儿童权利的行为提供补救和防止，并为改进体制提出建议，并有权进行调查、提出建议和表达意见。关于意见的表达和儿童更多的参与，应注意《中野区居民参与教育管理地方条例》。它再次确认了居民参与的原则和机制，并确保儿童有机会表达自己的意见和参与。关于儿童参与建立与儿童有关的设施，滋贺县上八幡市的哈特兰·八幡议会采取了一项重要的主动行动。它的特点是让儿童参与游乐场的规划或建设者的选择过程，并试图通过讲习班和其他方法帮助个别儿童发展表达意见和参与的能力。川崎市正在根据其经验制定一项综合性的《儿童权利地方条例》。委员会考虑将传播《公约》、促进与儿童有关的政策、有关机制和儿童权利补救办法纳入地方条例。它还强调制定过程，并探索包括儿童在内的居民参与的方式。少

Local municipalities have a great role in the implementation and dissemination of the Convention on the Rights of the Child and a variety of initiatives have been taken at that level. At the present stage, the focus has begun to be shifted from the mere publicity and education to the development of institutions to ensure the rights of the child mild. The implementation of the concluding observations to Japan, adopted by the U.N.Committee on the Rights of the Child in June 1998, is a priority for local municipalities as well when they are to implement the Convention.In the area of child rights remedies, it is noted that Kawanishi City introduced the Local Ordinance on the Ombudsperson for Children's Human Rights. The Ombudsperson is mandated to provide remedies for and prevent violations of children' s rights and to make recommendations for institutional improvements, being given the power to investigate, make recommendations and express opinions.With regard to expression of views and p … More articipation by children, the Nakano Ward Local Ordinance on the Participation of Residents in the Administration of Education is to be noted. It reconfirimsis the principle of and mechanisms for residents' participation and ensures opportunities for children to express their views and participate. With regard to children' s participation in the creation of child-related facilities, an important initiative has been taken by Heartland Haciman Parliament in Onte-Hachiman City, Shiga Prefecture. Its characteristics are that children participate in the planning of playgrounds or the constructors selection process and that it attempts to help individual children develop the ability to express their views and participate through workshops and other methods.Kawasaki City is developing a comprehensive Children' s Rights Local Ordinance on the basis of its experiences. It considers to include the dissemination of the Convention, the promotion of child-related policies, relevant mechanisms and child rights remedies in the local ordinance. It also puts emphasis on the enactment process and explores ways of participation by residents including children. Less