Neuronal network of dreaming sleep in human : A positron CT study

背景：为了阐明非快速眼动睡眠(NREM)和快速眼动睡眠(REM)在这两种睡眠状态下的功能和神经相关因素，采用高分辨率正电子发射断层扫描(PET)和多导睡眠图(PSG)对人类睡眠状态下的局部脑血流量(RCBF)进行了测量。每个受试者在实验之夜之前都被完全剥夺了睡眠。结果：NREM睡眠期、REM睡眠期和清醒时rCBF在脑桥和小脑均有不同程度的下降，尤其是慢波睡眠(SWS)时rCBF明显下降，REM睡眠期rCBF有所恢复。在NREM睡眠期，颞叶、额叶和顶叶皮质rCBF轻度下降，扣带回rCBF中度下降，丘脑rCBF明显下降，REM睡眠期恢复。与清醒休息状态相比，受试者在快速眼动睡眠时枕叶皮质的rCBF增加。这些结果表明，非快速眼动睡眠是一种静息状态，大脑功能普遍受到抑制，而快速眼动睡眠是一种激活状态，其大脑功能模式与清醒状态不同。此外，脑干-丘脑皮质激活系统中受抑制的神经功能可能主要参与了NREM睡眠的诱导。

Background : To clarify the functions of non-REM (NREM) and REM sleep and neural correlates during these sleep conditions, measurements of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) by a high-resolution positron emission tomography (pet) along with polysomnography (PSG) were undertaken during human sleep.Methods : Five young, healthy, right-handed male subjects participated in this study. Each subject was totally sleep deprived preceding the experimental night. Measurements of rCBF were made using bolus intravenous injections of H2150 scheduled during NREM sleep, REM sleep and wake-fulness under PSG monitoring.Results : The rCBF decreased markedly in the pons and moderately in the cerebellum during NREM sleep, especially during slow wave sleep (SWS) as compared with awake resting state, and recovered during REM sleep. They rCBF declined slightly in the temporal, frontal and parietal cortices, moderately in the cingulate gyrus, markedly in the thalamus during NREM sleep, and recovered during REM sleep. The rCBF in the occipital cortex in a subject appeared to be increased during REM sleep when compared to awake resting state.These results suggest that NREM sleep is a resting state with generalized depression of brain function, while REM sleep is an activated state with a different pattern of brain function than wakefulness. Furthermore, depressed neural functions in the brainstem-thalamocortical activating system may mainly be involved in the induction of NREM sleep.