Superantigen Produced by oral Streptococci and oral mucosal diseases.

高田等人(J.Dent.结果表明，链球菌MITS菌株108培养上清液中的超抗原组分F-2可使人外周血T细胞对口腔上皮细胞具有杀伤活性，其主要成分为CD8~+细胞。人干扰素-γ可增加上皮细胞对F-2激活的T细胞的细胞毒敏感性。F-2激活的T细胞的细胞毒作用不是通过肿瘤坏死因子等可溶性因子介导的，而是通过淋巴细胞功能相关蛋白-1和细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)的相互作用而实现的。Rikiishi等人(FEMS Immunol.医学微生物，15：81,1996&免疫学，91：406,1997)从化脓性链球菌12株上清液中分离到两个新的超抗原，命名为化脓性链球菌丝裂原(SPM)和丝裂原-2(SPM-2)。SPM和SPM-2的相对分子质量分别为28,000和29,000，等电点分别为9.2和6.0。Sugawa等人(Clin.Exp.Immunol，108：284,1997)检测了人结肠上皮细胞系HT-29上细胞黏附分子的表达和上调，以及与外周血单核细胞相比，该细胞系对葡萄球菌超抗原SEB的外周血T淋巴细胞增殖反应。结果显示，在单核细胞支持下，由HT-29细胞支持的SEB的超抗原性依赖于HLADR和ICAM-1，而依赖于B7-2和LFA-3，而依赖于HLADR-、BF-2和LFA-3。

Takada et al.(J.Dent. Res., 75 : 922,1996) revealed that a superantigenic fraction F-2 from the culture ssupermatant of Streptococcus mits strain 108 endowed human peripheral blood T-cells with cytotoxic activity to human oral epithelial cells.The cytotoxic cell were mainly composed of CD8^+ cells. Pretreatment with human interferon gamma increased the sensitivity of epithelial cells to the cytotoxic of F-2-activated T-cells. The cytotoxic effects of the F-2-activated T-cells were mediated not by soluble factors as tumor necrosis factor, but the interaction between lymphocyte-function-associated amtigen-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Rikiishi et al.(FEMS Immounol. Med.Microbiol., 15 : 81,1996 & Immunology, 91 : 406,1997) isolated two novel superantigens from the supernatant of Streptococcus pyogenes type 12 strain, and designated as S.pyogenes mitogen (SPM) and mitogen-2 (SPM-2). SPM and SPM-2 had molecular weight 28,000 and 29,000, and isoelectric point (PI) of 9.2 and 6.0, respectively. Sugawara et al.(Clin.Exp.Immunol., 108 : 284,1997) examined the expression and up-regulation of cell adhesion molecles on a human colonic epithelial cell line HT-29, and the peripheral blood T lymphocyte proliferation responses to a staphylococcal superantigen SEB presentd by this cell line as compred with peripheral blood monocytes. They revealed that the superantigencic effects of SEB supported by HT-29 cells is an HLA-DR-and ICAM-1-dependent, but B7-2-and LFA-3-independent manner, whereas HLA-DR-, BF-2-, and LFA-3-dependent in the case supported by monocytes.